arXiv:2506.14299cs.AI2025-06被引 7

用大模型生成可解释的驾驶规则系统,提升决策透明度与响应速度。

ADRD: LLM-Driven Autonomous Driving Based on Rule-based Decision Systems

  • 借助大模型自动生成可执行的规则策略
  • 在复杂场景下表现优于传统强化学习与先进LLM方法
  • 适合需要可解释性与可修改性的自动驾驶系统

如何构建可解释的自动驾驶决策系统已成为学术研究焦点。本文提出一种新方法,利用大语言模型(LLMs)生成可执行的基于规则的决策系统以解决该问题。具体而言,通过发挥大模型强大的推理与编程能力,我们设计了ADRD框架,包含信息模块、智能体模块和测试模块三个核心组件。系统首先由信息模块聚合驾驶场景上下文,再由智能体模块生成规则驱动的驾驶策略,并通过与测试模块持续交互进行迭代优化。大量实验表明,ADRD在自动驾驶决策任务中表现优异,相比传统强化学习方法及最先进的大模型方法,在可解释性、响应速度与驾驶性能上均有显著优势。结果表明该框架能全面准确理解复杂驾驶场景,验证了透明、可修改且广泛应用的规则系统在实际部署中的巨大潜力。据我们所知,这是首个将大语言模型与基于规则系统结合用于自动驾驶决策的工作,其成果为真实世界应用提供了有力支持。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

How to construct an interpretable autonomous driving decision-making system has become a focal point in academic research. In this study, we propose a novel approach that leverages large language models (LLMs) to generate executable, rule-based decision systems to address this challenge. Specifically, harnessing the strong reasoning and programming capabilities of LLMs, we introduce the ADRD(LLM-Driven Autonomous Driving Based on Rule-based Decision Systems) framework, which integrates three core modules: the Information Module, the Agents Module, and the Testing Module. The framework operates by first aggregating contextual driving scenario information through the Information Module, then utilizing the Agents Module to generate rule-based driving tactics. These tactics are iteratively refined through continuous interaction with the Testing Module. Extensive experimental evaluations demonstrate that ADRD exhibits superior performance in autonomous driving decision tasks. Compared to traditional reinforcement learning approaches and the most advanced LLM-based methods, ADRD shows significant advantages in terms of interpretability, response speed, and driving performance. These results highlight the framework's ability to achieve comprehensive and accurate understanding of complex driving scenarios, and underscore the promising future of transparent, rule-based decision systems that are easily modifiable and broadly applicable. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that integrates large language models with rule-based systems for autonomous driving decision-making, and our findings validate its potential for real-world deployment.

自动驾驶大模型规则系统可解释性

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