arXiv:2506.14425cs.NEcs.AI2025-06被引 3

不淘汰个体,只靠选择机制提升进化算法性能。

Is Selection All You Need in Differential Evolution?

  • 放弃代际替换,所有生成个体都保留
  • 无需管理档案池,避免复杂策略设计
  • 适合追求简单高效优化的场景

差分进化(DE)是一种广泛用于黑箱优化问题的进化算法。然而,现代DE实现中面临的主要挑战是:固定种群规模导致种群多样性受限。种群规模是影响DE性能的关键参数——更大的种群通常具有更丰富的多样性,有利于更广范围地探索搜索空间。相反,在评估预算有限的情况下,聚焦少数有潜力个体的小种群可能更合适。许多先进的DE变体引入了档案机制,即在代际替换时将部分被淘汰个体保留在档案中,并在变异操作中复用。但维持这种次级种群会带来额外的设计复杂性,如插入、删除策略和合适的大小设定。为解决这些问题,我们提出一种新型DE框架——无界差分进化(UDE),其不再丢弃任何生成个体,而是将所有候选解加入种群。与传统DE不同,UDE完全取消替换过程,也省去了档案管理与动态种群规模调整的复杂性。UDE代表了一种根本性的新思路,仅依赖选择机制,实现更简洁而强大的搜索算法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Differential Evolution (DE) is a widely used evolutionary algorithm for black-box optimization problems. However, in modern DE implementations, a major challenge lies in the limited population diversity caused by the fixed population size enforced by the generational replacement. Population size is a critical control parameter that significantly affects DE performance. Larger populations inherently contain a more diverse set of individuals, thereby facilitating broader exploration of the search space. Conversely, when the maximum evaluation budgets is constrained, smaller populations focusing on a limited number of promising candidates may be more suitable. Many state-of-the-art DE variants incorporate an archive mechanism, in which a subset of discarded individuals is preserved in an archive during generation replacement and reused in mutation operations. However, maintaining what is essentially a secondary population via an archive introduces additional design considerations, such as policies for insertion, deletion, and appropriate sizing. To address these limitations, we propose a novel DE framework called Unbounded Differential Evolution (UDE), which adds all generated candidates to the population without discarding any individual based on fitness. Unlike conventional DE, which removes inferior individuals during generational replacement, UDE eliminates replacement altogether, along with the associated complexities of archive management and dynamic population sizing. UDE represents a fundamentally new approach to DE, relying solely on selection mechanisms and enabling a more straightforward yet powerful search algorithm.

进化算法差分进化种群管理

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