用卫星雷达监测加沙战损，每周更新，准确率超90%。
Active InSAR monitoring of building damage in Gaza during the Israel-Hamas War
- 基于哨兵-1雷达数据，用长期相干变化检测法追踪每周损毁趋势
- 识别出联合国标注92.5%的损毁建筑，误报率仅1.2%
- 可快速为救援和新闻机构提供低延迟、低成本的战损数据
自2023年10月7日起，以色列对加沙地带的空袭成为21世纪最激烈的轰炸行动之一，导致大规模城市破坏。在持续冲突下，及时评估损毁情况需主动监测。合成孔径雷达（SAR）虽可用于灾后损毁制图，但对持续危机的动态监测应用有限。本文利用哨兵-1（Sentinel-1）干涉式SAR数据，采用长时序相干变化检测（LT-CCD）方法，追踪了2023-以色列-哈马斯战争首年度每周损毁趋势。结果显示，该方法在联合国参考数据中检测到92.5%的损毁标记，误报率仅为1.2%。时间分辨率揭示：战事前3个月损毁集中于北部加沙，短暂停火期间损毁减少，随后热点南移引发新一轮损毁激增。研究期末，总建筑中三分之二（191,263栋）受损或被毁。鉴于武装冲突区亟需实时损毁数据，本方法具备低成本与低延迟优势，可快速服务于人道主义与新闻机构。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Aerial bombardment of the Gaza Strip beginning October 7, 2023 is one of the most intense bombing campaigns of the twenty-first century, driving widespread urban damage. Characterizing damage over a geographically dynamic and protracted armed conflict requires active monitoring. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has precedence for mapping disaster-induced damage with bi-temporal methods but applications to active monitoring during sustained crises are limited. Using interferometric SAR data from Sentinel-1, we apply a long temporal-arc coherent change detection (LT-CCD) approach to track weekly damage trends over the first year of the 2023- Israel-Hamas War. We detect 92.5% of damage labels in reference data from the United Nations with a negligible (1.2%) false positive rate. The temporal fidelity of our approach reveals rapidly increasing damage during the first three months of the war focused in northern Gaza, a notable pause in damage during a temporary ceasefire, and surges of new damage as conflict hot-spots shift from north to south. Three-fifths (191,263) of all buildings are damaged or destroyed by the end of the study. With massive need for timely data on damage in armed conflict zones, our low-cost and low-latency approach enables rapid uptake of damage information at humanitarian and journalistic organizations.
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