arXiv:2506.15249cs.ROcs.LG2025-06中稿 · the 2025 IEEE/RSJ …被引 5

让机器人控制模型随环境变化自动调整,更准更稳。

Context-Aware Deep Lagrangian Networks for Model Predictive Control

  • 用上下文感知的深度拉格朗日网络在线识别环境特征
  • 在7自由度机械臂上实现39%的轨迹跟踪误差降低
  • 适合需要实时适应复杂物理环境的机器人控制场景

基于物理一致性动态模型的机器人控制,如深度拉格朗日网络(DeLaN),可提升行为的泛化性和可解释性。但在复杂环境中,需交互的对象众多且物理属性不确定,单一全局模型难以适用。因此,需采用在线系统辨识方法构建仅关注当前相关环境的上下文感知模型。尽管物理守恒定律在不同情境间可能不成立,但确保每个上下文模型的物理合理性对滚动时域控制(如模型预测控制,MPC)仍至关重要。本文将DeLaN扩展为上下文感知版本,结合循环网络实现在线系统辨识,并与MPC集成,实现自适应、物理一致的控制。同时,将DeLaN与残差动力学模型结合,利用通常可用的机器人基准模型。在7自由度机械臂上进行变载荷轨迹跟踪测试,本方法相比使用扩展卡尔曼滤波的基线方案,端点跟踪误差降低39%,优于基线21%的改进幅度。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Controlling a robot based on physics-consistent dynamic models, such as Deep Lagrangian Networks (DeLaN), can improve the generalizability and interpretability of the resulting behavior. However, in complex environments, the number of objects to potentially interact with is vast, and their physical properties are often uncertain. This complexity makes it infeasible to employ a single global model. Therefore, we need to resort to online system identification of context-aware models that capture only the currently relevant aspects of the environment. While physical principles such as the conservation of energy may not hold across varying contexts, ensuring physical plausibility for any individual context-aware model can still be highly desirable, particularly when using it for receding horizon control methods such as model predictive control (MPC). Hence, in this work, we extend DeLaN to make it context-aware, combine it with a recurrent network for online system identification, and integrate it with an MPC for adaptive, physics-consistent control. We also combine DeLaN with a residual dynamics model to leverage the fact that a nominal model of the robot is typically available. We evaluate our method on a 7-DOF robot arm for trajectory tracking under varying loads. Our method reduces the end-effector tracking error by 39%, compared to a 21% improvement achieved by a baseline that uses an extended Kalman filter.

机器人控制模型预测控制物理一致性在线学习

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