arXiv:2506.15898cs.LG2025-06

用扩散模型提升轨迹相似度计算,更准更抗噪。

TrajDiff: Diffusion Bridge Network with Semantic Alignment for Trajectory Similarity Computation

  • 引入语义对齐模块,融合多尺度特征消除偏差。
  • 通过噪声鲁棒预训练,提升对轨迹噪声的抵抗力。
  • 结合全局排序信息,更好捕捉轨迹间整体关系。

随着位置追踪技术的普及,大量轨迹数据持续生成。轨迹相似度计算是轨迹数据挖掘中的基础任务,在众多实际应用中至关重要。然而,现有学习方法面临三大挑战:一是忽略GPS与网格特征间的语义鸿沟,难以获得有意义的轨迹嵌入;二是轨迹本身及网格离散化过程引入的噪声掩盖了真实运动模式;三是仅依赖点对点和成对损失,未利用按相似度排序的全局排序信息。为此,本文提出新框架TrajDiff。其语义对齐模块基于交叉注意力与自适应融合的注意力掩码机制,有效消除多尺度数据间的语义差异,生成统一表示。基于DDBM的噪声鲁棒预训练将任意两轨迹间的转移模式引入训练,增强模型抗噪能力。整体排序感知正则化使模型从局部转向全局视角,捕捉轨迹间的完整排序结构。在三个公开数据集上的大量实验表明,TrajDiff持续优于现有最先进方法,平均在HR@1指标上提升33.38%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

With the proliferation of location-tracking technologies, massive volumes of trajectory data are continuously being collected. As a fundamental task in trajectory data mining, trajectory similarity computation plays a critical role in a wide range of real-world applications. However, existing learning-based methods face three challenges: First, they ignore the semantic gap between GPS and grid features in trajectories, making it difficult to obtain meaningful trajectory embeddings. Second, the noise inherent in the trajectories, as well as the noise introduced during grid discretization, obscures the true motion patterns of the trajectories. Third, existing methods focus solely on point-wise and pair-wise losses, without utilizing the global ranking information obtained by sorting all trajectories according to their similarity to a given trajectory. To address the aforementioned challenges, we propose a novel trajectory similarity computation framework, named TrajDiff. Specifically, the semantic alignment module relies on cross-attention and an attention score mask mechanism with adaptive fusion, effectively eliminating semantic discrepancies between data at two scales and generating a unified representation. Additionally, the DDBM-based Noise-robust Pre-Training introduces the transfer patterns between any two trajectories into the model training process, enhancing the model's noise robustness. Finally, the overall ranking-aware regularization shifts the model's focus from a local to a global perspective, enabling it to capture the holistic ordering information among trajectories. Extensive experiments on three publicly available datasets show that TrajDiff consistently outperforms state-of-the-art baselines. In particular, it achieves an average HR@1 gain of 33.38% across all three evaluation metrics and datasets.

轨迹相似度扩散模型语义对齐抗噪

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