跨文化新闻框架可迁移性研究，验证主流框架在巴西语境的适用性
Generalizability of Media Frames: Corpus creation and analysis across countries
- 构建巴西葡语新闻数据集，用美国主流框架标注分析
- 15个主流框架基本可用，部分需微调指南，新议题多依赖通用备用框架
- 适合做跨文化传播、媒体话语分析的研究者参考
话语框架揭示议题中被强调的方面，帮助理解政治语言如何传递不同视角并影响公众意见。媒体框架语料库（MFC）是当前最常用的框架体系，但其主要针对美国典型新闻议题，难以确定其在其他文化语境下的适用性。为此，我们构建了涵盖政治与经济新闻的巴西葡语新闻数据集 FrameNews-PT，并基于 MFC 框架进行多轮标注，评估其在巴西新闻讨论中的泛化能力。同时，测试微调模型与零样本模型在跨领域数据上的表现。结果表明，15 个 MFC 框架在巴西语境下仍具广泛适用性，仅需对指南作小幅修订；但部分框架使用频率极低，新出现的议题常由通用‘备用’框架描述。研究提示跨文化框架应用需谨慎考量语境差异。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Frames capture aspects of an issue that are emphasized in a debate by interlocutors and can help us understand how political language conveys different perspectives and ultimately shapes people's opinions. The Media Frame Corpus (MFC) is the most commonly used framework with categories and detailed guidelines for operationalizing frames. It is, however, focused on a few salient U.S. news issues, making it unclear how well these frames can capture news issues in other cultural contexts. To explore this, we introduce FrameNews-PT, a dataset of Brazilian Portuguese news articles covering political and economic news and annotate it within the MFC framework. Through several annotation rounds, we evaluate the extent to which MFC frames generalize to the Brazilian debate issues. We further evaluate how fine-tuned and zero-shot models perform on out-of-domain data. Results show that the 15 MFC frames remain broadly applicable with minor revisions of the guidelines. However, some MFC frames are rarely used, and novel news issues are analyzed using general 'fall-back' frames. We conclude that cross-cultural frame use requires careful consideration.
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