搭建可复现的物理实验平台,评估多机器人搜索算法真实表现。
Experimental Setup and Software Pipeline to Evaluate Optimization based Autonomous Multi-Robot Search Algorithms
- 用低成本声源和e-puck机器人在动捕环境构建真实测试平台。
- 对比了两种先进算法与随机行走基线,在真实场景中的搜索效率。
- 开源软件流水线支持快速接入任意多机器人算法,适合实测研究者。
信号源定位在多机器人系统中具有重要意义,广泛应用于搜救与工业、户外环境中的危险源探测。现有多种多机器人搜索算法通常将自主运动规划建模为启发式无模型或基于信念的优化过程。然而,多数算法仅在仿真中验证,缺乏对真实物理环境中搜索性能与实时计算能力的评估。为此,本文提出一个实验室规模的物理实验装置及开源软件流水线,用于评测和基准化多机器人搜索算法。该装置采用安全且廉价的声源,结合小型地面机器人(e-pucks)在标准动作捕捉环境中运行。声源带来的信噪比不确定性有助于评估仿真到现实的差距。整体软件流水线设计可轻松对接任意多机器人搜索算法,支持异步并行执行,集成了基于ROS的动作捕捉定位系统。通过该平台,评估了基于群体优化和批次贝叶斯优化(Bayes-Swarm)的两种先进算法,以及随机游走基线,验证了其在真实场景中的有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Signal source localization has been a problem of interest in the multi-robot systems domain given its applications in search & rescue and hazard localization in various industrial and outdoor settings. A variety of multi-robot search algorithms exist that usually formulate and solve the associated autonomous motion planning problem as a heuristic model-free or belief model-based optimization process. Most of these algorithms however remains tested only in simulation, thereby losing the opportunity to generate knowledge about how such algorithms would compare/contrast in a real physical setting in terms of search performance and real-time computing performance. To address this gap, this paper presents a new lab-scale physical setup and associated open-source software pipeline to evaluate and benchmark multi-robot search algorithms. The presented physical setup innovatively uses an acoustic source (that is safe and inexpensive) and small ground robots (e-pucks) operating in a standard motion-capture environment. This setup can be easily recreated and used by most robotics researchers. The acoustic source also presents interesting uncertainty in terms of its noise-to-signal ratio, which is useful to assess sim-to-real gaps. The overall software pipeline is designed to readily interface with any multi-robot search algorithm with minimal effort and is executable in parallel asynchronous form. This pipeline includes a framework for distributed implementation of multi-robot or swarm search algorithms, integrated with a ROS (Robotics Operating System)-based software stack for motion capture supported localization. The utility of this novel setup is demonstrated by using it to evaluate two state-of-the-art multi-robot search algorithms, based on swarm optimization and batch-Bayesian Optimization (called Bayes-Swarm), as well as a random walk baseline.
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