用时序建模捕捉乳腺组织变化,提升长期癌变预测精度。
VMRA-MaR: An Asymmetry-Aware Temporal Framework for Longitudinal Breast Cancer Risk Prediction
- 结合视觉马尔可夫递归网络与记忆机制,捕捉乳腺影像的动态演变趋势。
- 在致密型乳腺和第四、五年时间点上表现更优,显著提升预测准确率。
- 适合关注长期癌症风险预测与个性化筛查的临床研究者使用。
乳腺癌是全球主要致死病因之一,通常通过定期筛查发现。自动化风险预测可优化筛查流程,动态识别高危人群。现有模型多仅依赖最新一次筛查数据,而临床实践强调追踪乳腺组织随时间的变化趋势。早期方法仅使用两个时间点,近期虽引入Transformer处理多时间步数据,但仍未充分挖掘纵向影像中的丰富动态信息。本文提出VMRA-MaR框架,采用视觉马尔可夫递归网络(VMRNN)结合状态空间模型(SSM)与类LSTM记忆机制,有效捕捉乳腺组织演化中的细微趋势。进一步设计不对称性模块,包含空间不对称检测器(SAD)与纵向不对称追踪器(LAT),识别具有临床意义的双侧差异。该框架在高密度乳腺病例及第4、5年时间点表现出色,显著提升癌症发生预测能力,展现出推动早期乳腺癌识别与实现个性化筛查策略的潜力。代码已开源:https://github.com/Mortal-Suen/VMRA-MaR.git。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Breast cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide and is typically detected via screening programs where healthy people are invited in regular intervals. Automated risk prediction approaches have the potential to improve this process by facilitating dynamically screening of high-risk groups. While most models focus solely on the most recent screening, there is growing interest in exploiting temporal information to capture evolving trends in breast tissue, as inspired by clinical practice. Early methods typically relied on two time steps, and although recent efforts have extended this to multiple time steps using Transformer architectures, challenges remain in fully harnessing the rich temporal dynamics inherent in longitudinal imaging data. In this work, we propose to instead leverage Vision Mamba RNN (VMRNN) with a state-space model (SSM) and LSTM-like memory mechanisms to effectively capture nuanced trends in breast tissue evolution. To further enhance our approach, we incorporate an asymmetry module that utilizes a Spatial Asymmetry Detector (SAD) and Longitudinal Asymmetry Tracker (LAT) to identify clinically relevant bilateral differences. This integrated framework demonstrates notable improvements in predicting cancer onset, especially for the more challenging high-density breast cases and achieves superior performance at extended time points (years four and five), highlighting its potential to advance early breast cancer recognition and enable more personalized screening strategies. Our code is available at https://github.com/Mortal-Suen/VMRA-MaR.git.
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