用分层频域压缩提升PDE求解效率,兼顾精度与速度
LFR-PINO: A Layered Fourier Reduced Physics-Informed Neural Operator for Parametric PDEs
- 分层超网络+频域降维,动态生成每层参数
- 相比顶尖方法误差降低22.8%~68.7%,内存减少28.6%~69.3%
- 适合需快速泛化求解的航空航天等工程场景
物理信息神经算子已成为求解参数化偏微分方程(PDE)的强大范式,尤其在航空航天领域展现出跨参数空间泛化的潜力。然而现有方法或受限于固定基函数/系数设计的表达能力,或面临参数到权重映射空间高维度带来的计算瓶颈。本文提出LFR-PINO,引入两项关键创新:(1) 分层超网络架构,实现各网络层的专用参数生成;(2) 频域降维策略,显著减少参数量同时保留关键频谱特征。该设计支持通过预训练实现通用PDE求解器的高效学习,可直接处理新方程,并支持可选微调以提升精度。在四个典型PDE问题上的实验表明,相较最先进基准,LFR-PINO实现22.8%~68.7%的误差降低;频域降维使内存使用减少28.6%~69.3%的同时保持解的准确性,在计算效率与解的保真度间取得最优平衡。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Physics-informed neural operators have emerged as a powerful paradigm for solving parametric partial differential equations (PDEs), particularly in the aerospace field, enabling the learning of solution operators that generalize across parameter spaces. However, existing methods either suffer from limited expressiveness due to fixed basis/coefficient designs, or face computational challenges due to the high dimensionality of the parameter-to-weight mapping space. We present LFR-PINO, a novel physics-informed neural operator that introduces two key innovations: (1) a layered hypernetwork architecture that enables specialized parameter generation for each network layer, and (2) a frequency-domain reduction strategy that significantly reduces parameter count while preserving essential spectral features. This design enables efficient learning of a universal PDE solver through pre-training, capable of directly handling new equations while allowing optional fine-tuning for enhanced precision. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated through comprehensive experiments on four representative PDE problems, where LFR-PINO achieves 22.8%-68.7% error reduction compared to state-of-the-art baselines. Notably, frequency-domain reduction strategy reduces memory usage by 28.6%-69.3% compared to Hyper-PINNs while maintaining solution accuracy, striking an optimal balance between computational efficiency and solution fidelity.
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