用集成超网络学习司机个性化接单偏好,提升预测准确率。
Learning Personalized Utility Functions for Drivers in Ride-hailing Systems Using Ensemble Hypernetworks
- 用超网络动态生成司机接单决策的权重,捕捉非线性关系。
- 集成多组超网络,提升模型泛化能力,降低过拟合风险。
- 可揭示每位司机的偏好特征,适合个性化调度系统研发者。
在网约车系统中,司机基于订单特征、交通状况和个人偏好决定是否接单。准确预测这些行为对提升系统效率至关重要。传统随机效用最大化(RUM)模型假设属性间存在线性关系,难以捕捉复杂交互,且无法反映个体差异。本文提出一种基于超网络与集成学习的个性化效用函数学习方法:超网络根据行程请求数据和司机画像动态生成线性效用函数的权重,以建模非线性关系;通过在不同数据子集上训练多组超网络,并引入可控随机性,增强模型适应性和泛化能力,有效减少过拟合。在真实世界数据集上的验证表明,该方法不仅精准预测每位司机的效用值,还能良好平衡可解释性与不确定性量化。此外,模型能清晰揭示不同司机的关键影响因素,直观展现其接单偏好。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In ride-hailing systems, drivers decide whether to accept or reject ride requests based on factors such as order characteristics, traffic conditions, and personal preferences. Accurately predicting these decisions is essential for improving the efficiency and reliability of these systems. Traditional models, such as the Random Utility Maximization (RUM) approach, typically predict drivers' decisions by assuming linear correlations among attributes. However, these models often fall short because they fail to account for non-linear interactions between attributes and do not cater to the unique, personalized preferences of individual drivers. In this paper, we develop a method for learning personalized utility functions using hypernetwork and ensemble learning. Hypernetworks dynamically generate weights for a linear utility function based on trip request data and driver profiles, capturing the non-linear relationships. An ensemble of hypernetworks trained on different data segments further improve model adaptability and generalization by introducing controlled randomness, thereby reducing over-fitting. We validate the performance of our ensemble hypernetworks model in terms of prediction accuracy and uncertainty estimation in a real-world dataset. The results demonstrate that our approach not only accurately predicts each driver's utility but also effectively balances the needs for explainability and uncertainty quantification. Additionally, our model serves as a powerful tool for revealing the personalized preferences of different drivers, clearly illustrating which attributes largely impact their rider acceptance decisions.
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