arXiv:2506.18309cs.IRcs.AI2025-06KDD被引 23

用大模型生成可自适应的用户画像,提升推荐系统准确性与可解释性。

LettinGo: Explore User Profile Generation for Recommendation System

  • 通过多模型探索生成多样画像,避免固定格式限制
  • 在真实推荐任务中评估画像质量,准确率显著提升
  • 采用直接偏好优化,使画像随任务需求动态调整

用户画像对推荐系统至关重要,它将原始用户交互数据转化为简洁且结构化的表示,以支持个性化推荐。传统基于嵌入的画像缺乏可解释性和适应性,而近期大语言模型(LLM)驱动的文本型画像虽语义更丰富、透明度更高,但通常依赖固定格式,难以捕捉用户行为的多样性。本文提出LettinGo框架,实现多样化、自适应的用户画像生成。该框架利用大模型表达能力,结合下游推荐任务的直接反馈,避免监督微调(SFT)带来的刚性约束。我们采用直接偏好优化(DPO)对齐画像生成器与任务性能,确保画像持续有效。流程分为三阶段:(1) 多个大模型探索多样画像;(2) 基于推荐系统表现评估画像质量;(3) 通过任务性能生成的成对偏好数据进行画像对齐。实验表明,该框架显著提升推荐准确率、灵活性和上下文感知能力。本工作为下一代推荐系统中的画像生成带来关键创新。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

User profiling is pivotal for recommendation systems, as it transforms raw user interaction data into concise and structured representations that drive personalized recommendations. While traditional embedding-based profiles lack interpretability and adaptability, recent advances with large language models (LLMs) enable text-based profiles that are semantically richer and more transparent. However, existing methods often adhere to fixed formats that limit their ability to capture the full diversity of user behaviors. In this paper, we introduce LettinGo, a novel framework for generating diverse and adaptive user profiles. By leveraging the expressive power of LLMs and incorporating direct feedback from downstream recommendation tasks, our approach avoids the rigid constraints imposed by supervised fine-tuning (SFT). Instead, we employ Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) to align the profile generator with task-specific performance, ensuring that the profiles remain adaptive and effective. LettinGo operates in three stages: (1) exploring diverse user profiles via multiple LLMs, (2) evaluating profile quality based on their impact in recommendation systems, and (3) aligning the profile generation through pairwise preference data derived from task performance. Experimental results demonstrate that our framework significantly enhances recommendation accuracy, flexibility, and contextual awareness. This work enhances profile generation as a key innovation for next-generation recommendation systems.

用户画像大模型推荐系统偏好优化

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