arXiv:2506.18511cs.AI2025-06被引 2

用AI自动判断医疗器械合规标准适用性,支持中美跨区域比对。

Standard Applicability Judgment and Cross-jurisdictional Reasoning: A RAG-based Framework for Medical Device Compliance

  • 基于检索增强生成的模块化系统,自动匹配设备描述与标准
  • 分类准确率73%,前5项召回率达87%
  • 可解释的跨司法管辖区推理,适合监管科技从业者

医疗器械合规中的标准适用性判定仍是一个关键但研究不足的挑战,常需专家解读跨司法管辖区的分散且异构文档。为此,我们提出一种模块化AI系统,利用检索增强生成(RAG)管道自动化标准适用性判断。给定自由文本设备描述,系统从精心构建的语料库中检索候选标准,并使用大语言模型推断其在特定司法管辖区的适用性,分类为强制、推荐或不适用,并附可追溯的依据。我们构建了首个国际基准数据集,包含经专家标注的标准映射的医疗器械描述,并与仅检索、零样本及规则基线进行对比评估。所提方法达到73%的分类准确率和87%的Top-5检索召回率,证明其在识别相关监管标准方面的有效性。我们提出了首个端到端的标准适用性推理系统,实现可扩展且可解释的AI辅助监管科学。值得注意的是,我们的区域感知RAG代理可在中美标准间进行跨司法管辖区推理,支持冲突解决与适用性论证。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Identifying the appropriate regulatory standard applicability remains a critical yet understudied challenge in medical device compliance, frequently necessitating expert interpretation of fragmented and heterogeneous documentation across different jurisdictions. To address this challenge, we introduce a modular AI system that leverages a retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) pipeline to automate standard applicability determination. Given a free-text device description, our system retrieves candidate standards from a curated corpus and uses large language models to infer jurisdiction-specific applicability, classified as Mandatory, Recommended, or Not Applicable, with traceable justifications. We construct an international benchmark dataset of medical device descriptions with expert-annotated standard mappings, and evaluate our system against retrieval-only, zero-shot, and rule-based baselines. The proposed approach attains a classification accuracy of 73% and a Top-5 retrieval recall of 87%, demonstrating its effectiveness in identifying relevant regulatory standards. We introduce the first end-to-end system for standard applicability reasoning, enabling scalable and interpretable AI-supported regulatory science. Notably, our region-aware RAG agent performs cross-jurisdictional reasoning between Chinese and U.S. standards, supporting conflict resolution and applicability justification across regulatory frameworks.

医疗合规AI推理RAG监管科技

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