用自适应神经模糊网络动态调节微网频率,提升稳定性。
Frequency Control in Microgrids: An Adaptive Fuzzy-Neural-Network Virtual Synchronous Generator
- 通过在线学习的模糊神经网络动态调整虚拟同步机参数
- 频率偏差低于0.03 Hz,恢复时间显著缩短
- 适合高比例可再生能源接入的微电网系统
近年来分布式可再生能源依赖度上升,电力电子型分布式电源取代了同步发电机,导致微网系统惯性和阻尼下降。虚拟同步发电机(VSG)通过模拟同步机动态特性以缓解此问题,但固定参数难以保证频率在可接受范围内。本文提出一种基于模糊神经网络控制器的方法,实现惯性、阻尼与下垂系数的在线动态调节。该控制器能自适应选择最优参数,在考虑可再生能源渗透率与影响的前提下,应用于典型交流微电网。通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真与基于ARM嵌入式系统(SAM3X8E, Cortex-M3)的硬件在环实验验证,相比传统方法和模糊逻辑控制器,本方案将频率偏差控制在0.03 Hz以内,显著缩短系统稳定与恢复时间。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The reliance on distributed renewable energy has increased recently. As a result, power electronic-based distributed generators replaced synchronous generators which led to a change in the dynamic characteristics of the microgrid. Most critically, they reduced system inertia and damping. Virtual synchronous generators emulated in power electronics, which mimic the dynamic behaviour of synchronous generators, are meant to fix this problem. However, fixed virtual synchronous generator parameters cannot guarantee a frequency regulation within the acceptable tolerance range. Conversely, a dynamic adjustment of these virtual parameters promises robust solution with stable frequency. This paper proposes a method to adapt the inertia, damping, and droop parameters dynamically through a fuzzy neural network controller. This controller trains itself online to choose appropriate values for these virtual parameters. The proposed method can be applied to a typical AC microgrid by considering the penetration and impact of renewable energy sources. We study the system in a MATLAB/Simulink model and validate it experimentally in real time using hardware-in-the-loop based on an embedded ARM system (SAM3X8E, Cortex-M3). Compared to traditional and fuzzy logic controller methods, the results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly reduces the frequency deviation to less than 0.03 Hz and shortens the stabilizing/recovery time.
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