arXiv:2506.19202cs.ROcs.HC2025-06中稿 · the 2025 34th IEEE…被引 7

用户更希望机器人在高风险任务中由自己控制,而非完全自主。

Preserving Sense of Agency: User Preferences for Robot Autonomy and User Control across Household Tasks

  • 用户对机器人自主性的感受受是否由自己编程影响
  • 高风险任务中,用户偏好更高控制权,即使牺牲部分自动化
  • 第三方参与会削弱用户掌控感,信任度也影响偏好

助手机器人设计常假设应完全自主,但用户真实偏好尚不明确。过高自主性会降低用户的掌控感。本研究调查不同自主水平对用户感知控制力的影响,涵盖四种自主级别,并评估用户在多种家庭任务中的偏好。结果发现,用户掌控感主要受两个因素影响:(1) 机器人是否自主行动;(2) 是否有第三方参与编程或操作。值得注意的是,由最终用户自行编程的自主机器人,仍能显著保持用户的掌控感。但在高风险场景(如为过敏儿童准备零食),用户更倾向于优先保障自身控制权。此外,对第三方操作者的信任程度也影响其偏好。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Roboticists often design with the assumption that assistive robots should be fully autonomous. However, it remains unclear whether users prefer highly autonomous robots, as prior work in assistive robotics suggests otherwise. High robot autonomy can reduce the user's sense of agency, which represents feeling in control of one's environment. How much control do users, in fact, want over the actions of robots used for in-home assistance? We investigate how robot autonomy levels affect users' sense of agency and the autonomy level they prefer in contexts with varying risks. Our study asked participants to rate their sense of agency as robot users across four distinct autonomy levels and ranked their robot preferences with respect to various household tasks. Our findings revealed that participants' sense of agency was primarily influenced by two factors: (1) whether the robot acts autonomously, and (2) whether a third party is involved in the robot's programming or operation. Notably, an end-user programmed robot highly preserved users' sense of agency, even though it acts autonomously. However, in high-risk settings, e.g., preparing a snack for a child with allergies, they preferred robots that prioritized their control significantly more. Additional contextual factors, such as trust in a third party operator, also shaped their preferences.

机器人自主用户控制人机交互

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