机器人用视觉语言模型看物品，发现3D打印物容易识别错误。

Robotic scene understanding increasingly relies on Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to generate natural language descriptions of the environment. In this work, we systematically evaluate single-view object captioning for tabletop scenes captured by a robotic manipulator, introducing a controlled physical domain shift that contrasts real-world tools with geometrically similar 3D-printed counterparts that differ in texture, colour, and material. We benchmark a suite of state-of-the-art, locally deployable VLMs across multiple metrics to assess semantic alignment and factual grounding. Our results demonstrate that while VLMs describe common real-world objects effectively, performance degrades markedly on 3D-printed items despite their structurally familiar forms. We further expose critical vulnerabilities in standard evaluation metrics, showing that some fail to detect domain shifts entirely or reward fluent but factually incorrect captions. These findings highlight the limitations of deploying foundation models for embodied agents and the need for more robust architectures and evaluation protocols in physical robotic applications.