arXiv:2506.19808cs.CV2025-06

只用一个原型完成图像分类,解释更简单直观。

ProtoSolo: Interpretable Image Classification via Single-Prototype Activation

  • 每个类别仅激活一个原型,简化决策解释
  • 在CUB-200-2011和Stanford Cars上达到顶尖准确率
  • 适合需要可解释性且关注认知负担的场景

尽管可解释原型网络提升了深度学习图像分类的透明度,但多原型协同决策增加了认知复杂性,阻碍用户理解。本文提出一种新型可解释深度架构ProtoSolo,无需多个原型即可完成分类。与现有方法不同,ProtoSolo仅需激活单个原型即可判定类别,显著降低解释复杂度:每个类别的解释只需展示相似度最高的原型及其对应特征图。同时,传统全通道特征向量被替换为特征图进行相似性比较和原型学习,从而利用更丰富的全局信息。此外,引入无投影原型学习策略,在保留原型与图像块关联的同时,避免投影导致的网络结构突变,提升分类性能。在CUB-200-2011和Stanford Cars数据集上的实验表明,ProtoSolo在分类准确率上媲美当前最优可解释方法,同时实现最低的认知复杂度。代码已开源。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Although interpretable prototype networks have improved the transparency of deep learning image classification, the need for multiple prototypes in collaborative decision-making increases cognitive complexity and hinders user understanding. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a novel interpretable deep architecture for image classification, called ProtoSolo. Unlike existing prototypical networks, ProtoSolo requires activation of only a single prototype to complete the classification. This design significantly simplifies interpretation, as the explanation for each class requires displaying only the prototype with the highest similarity score and its corresponding feature map. Additionally, the traditional full-channel feature vector is replaced with a feature map for similarity comparison and prototype learning, enabling the use of richer global information within a single-prototype activation decision. A non-projection prototype learning strategy is also introduced to preserve the association between the prototype and image patch while avoiding abrupt structural changes in the network caused by projection, which can affect classification performance. Experiments on the CUB-200-2011 and Stanford Cars datasets demonstrate that ProtoSolo matches state-of-the-art interpretable methods in classification accuracy while achieving the lowest cognitive complexity. The code is available at https://github.com/pyt19/ProtoSolo.

可解释性原型网络图像分类

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