为机器意识提供可实现的计算定义，强调主观体验与持续感知的结合。
Engineering Sentience
- 提出可计算的意识定义：需具备持续且具质性的感官信号
- 强调意识不仅是信息编码，更要有主观体验的本质特征
- 帮助识别或避免无意中创造有意识的智能体
我们提出一个可用于设计和构建机器意识的定义。为使意识对人工智能有意义，必须以功能性和计算性方式详细阐明，以便实际实现。然而，这种意识概念还需反映某种本质上‘主观’的属性，而不仅仅是编码感知内容的能力。为此，我们主张，功能性意识的发生需要特定感官信号同时具备断言性（持久性）和质性。为更具体地说明这一定义，我们描绘了在现有技术条件下可能的实现路径。理解人工代理实现功能意识所需的条件，也有助于我们避免无意中创造它们，或至少能及时意识到已创造出意识体。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We spell out a definition of sentience that may be useful for designing and building it in machines. We propose that for sentience to be meaningful for AI, it must be fleshed out in functional, computational terms, in enough detail to allow for implementation. Yet, this notion of sentience must also reflect something essentially 'subjective', beyond just having the general capacity to encode perceptual content. For this specific functional notion of sentience to occur, we propose that certain sensory signals need to be both assertoric (persistent) and qualitative. To illustrate the definition in more concrete terms, we sketch out some ways for potential implementation, given current technology. Understanding what it takes for artificial agents to be functionally sentient can also help us avoid creating them inadvertently, or at least, realize that we have created them in a timely manner.
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