无需训练数据,用物理特性分离噪声与图像结构,轻量级去噪提升超声成像质量。
Lightweight Physics-Aware Zero-Shot Ultrasound Plane-Wave Denoising
- 将发射角度分为两组,利用角度差异生成伪配对图像
- 自监督学习让网络区分组织结构与随机噪声,显著降低伪影
- 仅用两层卷积,适合实时应用且跨场景通用
超声相干平面波合成(CPWC)通过组合多个定向发射的回波信号提升图像对比度。增加发射角度数虽能改善图像质量,但会显著降低帧率,并在快速运动目标上引入模糊伪影。此外,当发射次数有限时,合成图像仍易受噪声影响。本文提出一种轻量级、基于物理先验的零样本去噪框架,用于低角度CPWC超声成像,无需外部训练数据或干净参考图像。该方法将可用发射角度划分为两个互斥子集,分别重建具有不同角度依赖性伪影和噪声特征的图像。这些重建图像作为自监督残差学习框架中的伪配对样本,直接在测试样本上训练一个轻量级卷积神经网络。由于组织结构在子集间保持一致而非相干伪影随角度变化,该物理感知配对策略使网络能够区分解剖信息与不一致的噪声和伪影。与监督方法不同,该方法无需特定领域微调或成对数据,可适应不同解剖区域和采集条件。此外,所提框架采用仅含两层卷积的高效架构,实现快速且计算成本低廉的训练。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Ultrasound Coherent Plane-Wave Compounding (CPWC) enhances image contrast by combining echoes from multiple steered transmissions. While increasing the number of steering angles generally improves image quality, it significantly reduces frame rate and may introduce blurring artifacts in fast-moving targets. In addition, compounded images remain susceptible to noise, particularly when acquired using a limited number of transmissions. In this work, we propose a lightweight physics-aware zero-shot denoising framework for low-angle CPWC ultrasound imaging that improves image quality without requiring external training datasets or clean reference images. The proposed approach partitions the available steering angles into two disjoint subsets, each used to reconstruct compounded images with different angle-dependent artifacts and noise characteristics. These reconstructed images are then used as pseudo-pairs within a self-supervised residual learning framework to train a lightweight convolutional neural network directly on the test sample. Because the underlying tissue structures remain consistent across the subsets while the incoherent artifacts vary with steering angle selection, the proposed physics-aware pairing strategy enables the network to distinguish anatomical information from inconsistent noise and artifacts. Unlike supervised approaches, the proposed method does not require domain-specific fine-tuning or paired datasets, making it adaptable across different anatomical regions and acquisition settings. Furthermore, the proposed framework employs an efficient architecture composed of only two convolutional layers, enabling fast and computationally inexpensive training.
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