arXiv:2506.21873cs.CVcs.AI2025-06被引 6

修复剪枝导致的视觉定位性能暴跌问题,无需额外训练即可恢复90%原性能。

Grounding-Aware Token Pruning: Recovering from Drastic Performance Drops in Visual Grounding Caused by Pruning

  • 调整剪枝后位置编码,解决定位能力下降问题。
  • 在RefCOCO上将准确率从15.34%提升至51.42%。
  • 适用于多种模型,零额外开销,适合部署优化场景。

近期多模态大语言模型在视觉定位任务中表现优异,成为多种视觉-语言应用的通用接口。这一进展推动了针对视觉令牌数量庞大的计算成本问题的令牌剪枝方法发展。然而,我们发现剪枝会显著削弱模型的定位能力,导致错误预测和性能大幅下降。例如,在指代表达理解(REC)任务中,LLaVA在RefCOCO验证集上的准确率从56.14%降至15.34%。分析表明,剪枝后位置ID错位是性能退化的主要原因,因为位置ID的顺序与数值对维持定位性能至关重要。为此,我们提出一种简单有效的方案——定位感知令牌剪枝(GAP),通过调整位置ID实现性能恢复。该方法使REC准确率回升至51.42%,达到无剪枝设置下原性能的90%,且无需额外训练、内存或计算开销。该方法在Shikra、MiniGPTv2及LLaVA系列等模型上均表现出色,可广泛适配各类剪枝策略。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in visual grounding, establishing themselves as a general interface for various vision-language applications. This progress has driven the development of token pruning methods to mitigate the high computational costs associated with processing numerous visual tokens. However, we observe that pruning significantly weakens the model's grounding ability, leading to incorrect predictions and drastic performance degradation. In Referring Expression Comprehension (REC), for instance, pruning causes the accuracy of LLaVA on the RefCOCO validation set to drop from 56.14% to 15.34%. Our analysis identifies misaligned position IDs after pruning as the primary cause of this degradation, as both the order and value of these IDs are crucial for maintaining performance in grounding tasks. To address this issue, we propose Grounding-Aware Token Pruning (GAP), a simple yet effective adjustment to position IDs that recovers REC accuracy back to 51.42%, which is 90% of the original performance in the without pruning setting, all while requiring no additional training, memory, or computational overhead. Applied to models such as Shikra, MiniGPTv2, and the LLaVA series, our method consistently improves performance across various token pruning strategies.

视觉定位模型剪枝多模态

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