用检索增强的多智能体协作,自动生成语义与视觉一致的版式设计。
CAL-RAG: Retrieval-Augmented Multi-Agent Generation for Content-Aware Layout Design
- 通过检索相似案例+多智能体协同推理,动态生成布局方案。
- 在PKU PosterLayout上各项指标超越基线模型,重叠率降低23%。
- 适合需要高质量、可解释性设计的智能创作系统使用。
自动化内容感知版式生成——即在背景画布上安排文本、标志和底图等视觉元素——是智能设计系统中的基础但未被充分探索的问题。尽管深度生成模型和大语言模型在结构化内容生成方面展现出潜力,现有方法大多缺乏对上下文设计样例的依赖,在语义对齐与视觉连贯性方面表现不足。本文提出CAL-RAG,一种基于检索增强的多智能体框架,融合多模态检索、大语言模型与协作式智能体推理。系统从结构化知识库中检索相关布局样例,并调用基于LLM的布局推荐器生成结构化元素位置;视觉语言评分智能体以视觉指标评估布局,反馈智能体提供针对性优化,实现迭代改进。我们基于LangGraph实现该框架,并在包含丰富语义与结构变化的PKU PosterLayout数据集上进行评估。CAL-RAG在多个布局指标上达到当前最优性能,包括底图有效率、元素对齐度与重叠率,显著优于如LayoutPrompter等强基线模型。结果表明,结合检索增强与多步智能体推理,可实现可扩展、可解释且高保真的自动化版式生成解决方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Automated content-aware layout generation -- the task of arranging visual elements such as text, logos, and underlays on a background canvas -- remains a fundamental yet under-explored problem in intelligent design systems. While recent advances in deep generative models and large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in structured content generation, most existing approaches lack grounding in contextual design exemplars and fall short in handling semantic alignment and visual coherence. In this work we introduce CAL-RAG, a retrieval-augmented, agentic framework for content-aware layout generation that integrates multimodal retrieval, large language models, and collaborative agentic reasoning. Our system retrieves relevant layout examples from a structured knowledge base and invokes an LLM-based layout recommender to propose structured element placements. A vision-language grader agent evaluates the layout with visual metrics, and a feedback agent provides targeted refinements, enabling iterative improvement. We implement our framework using LangGraph and evaluate it on the PKU PosterLayout dataset, a benchmark rich in semantic and structural variability. CAL-RAG achieves state-of-the-art performance across multiple layout metrics -- including underlay effectiveness, element alignment, and overlap -- substantially outperforming strong baselines such as LayoutPrompter. These results demonstrate that combining retrieval augmentation with agentic multi-step reasoning yields a scalable, interpretable, and high-fidelity solution for automated layout generation.
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