arXiv:2506.23108cs.CV2025-06中稿 · MICCAI 2025被引 2

提出多层级精修框架,提升超声颈动脉斑块风险分级准确率。

Hierarchical Corpus-View-Category Refinement for Carotid Plaque Risk Grading in Ultrasound

  • 从语料、视角、类别三层建模,增强特征表达能力。
  • 在挑战性数据集上达到当前最优性能,显著提升分级准确性。
  • 适合医学影像分析与多模态深度学习研究者参考。

准确的颈动脉斑块分级(CPG)对评估心脑血管疾病风险至关重要。由于斑块尺寸小且类内差异大,临床实践中常结合横切面与纵切面超声图像进行评估。然而,现有基于深度学习的多视角分类方法多聚焦于跨视角特征融合,忽视了表征学习及类别特征差异的重要性。为此,本文提出一种全新的语料-视角-类别精修框架(CVC-RF),从语料、视角、类别三个层次处理信息,提升模型性能。主要贡献有四方面:首先,据我们所知,这是首个依据最新颈动脉斑块-RADS指南构建的深度学习方法;其次,提出新颖的中心记忆对比损失,在语料层通过与代表性聚类中心和多样化负样本比较,增强网络全局建模能力;第三,设计级联下采样注意力模块,在视角层融合多尺度信息并实现隐式特征交互;最后,引入无需参数的专家混合加权策略,利用类别聚类知识为不同专家加权,实现类别层面的特征解耦。实验表明,CVC-RF通过多层级精修有效建模全局特征,在具有挑战性的CPG任务中取得当前最优表现。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Accurate carotid plaque grading (CPG) is vital to assess the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Due to the small size and high intra-class variability of plaque, CPG is commonly evaluated using a combination of transverse and longitudinal ultrasound views in clinical practice. However, most existing deep learning-based multi-view classification methods focus on feature fusion across different views, neglecting the importance of representation learning and the difference in class features. To address these issues, we propose a novel Corpus-View-Category Refinement Framework (CVC-RF) that processes information from Corpus-, View-, and Category-levels, enhancing model performance. Our contribution is four-fold. First, to the best of our knowledge, we are the foremost deep learning-based method for CPG according to the latest Carotid Plaque-RADS guidelines. Second, we propose a novel center-memory contrastive loss, which enhances the network's global modeling capability by comparing with representative cluster centers and diverse negative samples at the Corpus level. Third, we design a cascaded down-sampling attention module to fuse multi-scale information and achieve implicit feature interaction at the View level. Finally, a parameter-free mixture-of-experts weighting strategy is introduced to leverage class clustering knowledge to weight different experts, enabling feature decoupling at the Category level. Experimental results indicate that CVC-RF effectively models global features via multi-level refinement, achieving state-of-the-art performance in the challenging CPG task.

医学影像多视角学习分类优化超声诊断

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