用AI从物理噪声中直接提取接近均匀的高熵,无需昂贵硬件。
AI-Hybrid TRNG: Kernel-Based Deep Learning for Near-Uniform Entropy Harvesting from Physical Noise
- 基于内-外动态网络,融合物理噪声与自适应重置生成随机数。
- 32位输出通过NIST及19项定制测试,符合密码学标准。
- 模型小于0.5MB,可部署于微控制器和边缘设备。
AI-Hybrid TRNG 是一种基于深度学习的框架,能直接从物理噪声中提取接近均匀的高熵,无需大型量子设备或昂贵的实验室级射频接收器。该系统仅需低成本、拇指大小的射频前端和CPU定时抖动即可完成训练,并直接输出32位高熵数据流,无需量化步骤。与确定性或训练型人工智能随机数生成器不同,其动态内-外网络结合了自适应自然源与重置机制,生成真正不可预测且自主的序列。生成的数值在通过NIST SP 800-22测试集方面优于基于CPU的方法,同时通过19项针对比特级与整数级分析的定制统计测试。所有结果均满足密码学标准,前后向预测实验未发现可利用偏差。模型体积低于0.5MB,适用于微控制器、FPGA软核及其他资源受限平台。该方法将随机数质量从专用硬件中解放出来,拓展了高完整性随机数生成器在安全系统、密码协议、嵌入式与边缘设备、随机模拟及需随机性的服务器应用中的适用范围。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
AI-Hybrid TRNG is a deep-learning framework that extracts near-uniform entropy directly from physical noise, eliminating the need for bulky quantum devices or expensive laboratory-grade RF receivers. Instead, it relies on a low-cost, thumb-sized RF front end, plus CPU-timing jitter, for training, and then emits 32-bit high-entropy streams without any quantization step. Unlike deterministic or trained artificial intelligence random number generators (RNGs), our dynamic inner-outer network couples adaptive natural sources and reseeding, yielding truly unpredictable and autonomous sequences. Generated numbers pass the NIST SP 800-22 battery better than a CPU-based method. It also passes nineteen bespoke statistical tests for both bit- and integer-level analysis. All results satisfy cryptographic standards, while forward and backward prediction experiments reveal no exploitable biases. The model's footprint is below 0.5 MB, making it deployable on MCUs and FPGA soft cores, as well as suitable for other resource-constrained platforms. By detaching randomness quality from dedicated hardware, AI-Hybrid TRNG broadens the reach of high-integrity random number generators across secure systems, cryptographic protocols, embedded and edge devices, stochastic simulations, and server applications that need randomness.
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