构建驾驶场景下基于框选的视觉问答数据集,提升模型对用户意图的理解能力。
Box-QAymo: Box-Referring VQA Dataset for Autonomous Driving
- 用户通过画框指定目标,实现聚焦查询,接口直观高效。
- 包含属性预测、运动理解与跨帧动态推理三类任务,覆盖时空推理能力。
- 数据集经严格质量控制,适合评估和微调自动驾驶中的视觉语言模型。
可解释性通信对安全可信的自动驾驶至关重要,但现有视觉语言模型(VLMs)常在理想假设下运行,难以捕捉真实场景中的用户意图。现有驾驶导向的视觉问答(VQA)数据集仅限于全图描述或路径点预测,无法评估模型对局部化用户查询的响应能力。本文提出Box-QAymo,一个面向框选目标的视觉问答数据集与基准测试,用于评估和微调VLMs在空间与时间上的推理能力。用户通过绘制边界框表达意图,实现复杂场景下的快速精准查询。我们设计分层评估协议:首先进行二分类合理性检查,再依次评估(1)框选对象的属性预测,(2)目标实例的运动理解,(3)跨帧多对象动态的时空推理。通过众包收集细粒度物体类别与视觉属性,提取物体轨迹以构建时序对齐的问答对。采用负样本采样、时间一致性检验与难度感知平衡等手段保障数据集鲁棒性与多样性。全面评估揭示当前VLMs在感知类问题上存在显著局限,凸显其实现真实世界性能的差距。本工作为构建更鲁棒、可解释的自动驾驶系统奠定了基础,使其能在真实条件下有效与用户沟通。项目页面与数据集见https://djamahl99.github.io/qaymo-pages/。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Interpretable communication is essential for safe and trustworthy autonomous driving, yet current vision-language models (VLMs) often operate under idealized assumptions and struggle to capture user intent in real-world scenarios. Existing driving-oriented VQA datasets are limited to full-scene descriptions or waypoint prediction, preventing the assessment of whether VLMs can respond to localized user-driven queries. We introduce Box-QAymo, a box-referring dataset and benchmark designed to both evaluate and finetune VLMs on spatial and temporal reasoning over user-specified objects. Users express intent by drawing bounding boxes, offering a fast and intuitive interface for focused queries in complex scenes. Specifically, we propose a hierarchical evaluation protocol that begins with binary sanity-check questions to assess basic model capacities, and progresses to (1) attribute prediction for box-referred objects, (2) motion understanding of target instances, and (3) spatiotemporal motion reasoning over inter-object dynamics across frames. To support this, we crowd-sourced fine-grained object classes and visual attributes that reflect the complexity drivers encounter, and extract object trajectories to construct temporally grounded QA pairs. Rigorous quality control through negative sampling, temporal consistency checks, and difficulty-aware balancing guarantee dataset robustness and diversity. Our comprehensive evaluation reveals significant limitations in current VLMs when queried about perception questions, highlighting the gap in achieving real-world performance. This work provides a foundation for developing more robust and interpretable autonomous driving systems that can communicate effectively with users under real-world conditions. Project page and dataset are available at https://djamahl99.github.io/qaymo-pages/.
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