无需标注数据,让四足机器人模仿狗的步态并随指令自由切换
Walk Like Dogs: Learning Steerable Imitation Controllers for Legged Robots from Unlabeled Motion Data
- 通过运动重定向将真实动作数据转化为机器人可用的物理一致数据
- 训练出能响应速度指令生成不同步态并自动切换的控制器
- 适合想快速实现自然四足运动的机器人研究者和开发者
我们提出一种模仿学习框架,从无标签的真实世界运动数据中提取独特的四足运动模式及其转换。通过自动发现行为模式并将用户转向指令映射到这些模式上,实现可由用户控制且风格一致的运动模仿。该方法首先利用运动学-动力学重定向策略,弥合运动源与机器人之间的形态和物理差异,将原始数据转换为物理一致、适配机器人的数据集。该数据用于训练一个可操控的运动生成模块,可从高层用户命令生成具有风格化、多模式特征的运动目标。这些目标作为参考,供强化学习控制器在硬件上可靠执行。实验中,基于狗运动数据训练的控制器展现出明显的四足步态特征及随速度指令变化而涌现的步态切换,全程无需人工标注、预设模式数或显式切换规则,保持了数据原有的风格连贯性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We present an imitation learning framework that extracts distinctive legged locomotion behaviors and transitions between them from unlabeled real-world motion data. By automatically discovering behavioral modes and mapping user steering commands to them, the framework enables user-steerable and stylistically consistent motion imitation. Our approach first bridges the morphological and physical gap between the motion source and the robot by transforming raw data into a physically consistent, robot-compatible dataset using a kino-dynamic motion retargeting strategy. This data is used to train a steerable motion synthesis module that generates stylistic, multi-modal kinematic targets from high-level user commands. These targets serve as a reference for a reinforcement learning controller, which reliably executes them on the robot hardware. In our experiments, a controller trained on dog motion data demonstrated distinctive quadrupedal gait patterns and emergent gait transitions in response to varying velocity commands. These behaviors were achieved without manual labeling, predefined mode counts, or explicit switching rules, maintaining the stylistic coherence of the data.
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