arXiv:2507.01563cs.SDcs.AI2025-07被引 5

在树莓派上实现低延迟警车鸣笛实时检测,适合智慧城市部署。

Real-Time Emergency Vehicle Siren Detection with Efficient CNNs on Embedded Hardware

  • 基于优化的CNN模型E2PANN,针对城市环境音频设计。
  • 在多配置下实现低延迟检测,提升真实场景鲁棒性。
  • 支持边缘设备部署,适合构建分布式智能监测网络。

我们提出一个完整的嵌入式硬件实时部署应急车辆(EV)鸣笛检测系统。该方法基于从EPANNs微调而来的E2PANNs模型,专为城市声学环境下二元声音事件检测优化。关键贡献是通过自研AudioSet-Tools框架构建了精心筛选且语义结构化的数据集:AudioSet-EV、AudioSet-EV Augmented和Unified-EV,以解决标准AudioSet标注可靠性低的问题。系统部署于搭载高保真音频板的Raspberry Pi 5上,采用多线程推理引擎,结合自适应帧长、概率平滑与状态机决策机制,有效控制误触发。通过远程WebSocket接口实现实时监控与现场演示。在多种配置下,使用帧级与事件级指标评估性能,结果表明系统具备低延迟检测能力,并在真实音频条件下表现更稳健。本工作验证了面向IoS兼容的声学事件检测方案在低成本边缘设备上的可行性,可构建分布式声学监测网络,通过WebSocket连接实现智慧城市的协同应急车辆追踪。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We present a full-stack emergency vehicle (EV) siren detection system designed for real-time deployment on embedded hardware. The proposed approach is based on E2PANNs, a fine-tuned convolutional neural network derived from EPANNs, and optimized for binary sound event detection under urban acoustic conditions. A key contribution is the creation of curated and semantically structured datasets - AudioSet-EV, AudioSet-EV Augmented, and Unified-EV - developed using a custom AudioSet-Tools framework to overcome the low reliability of standard AudioSet annotations. The system is deployed on a Raspberry Pi 5 equipped with a high-fidelity DAC+microphone board, implementing a multithreaded inference engine with adaptive frame sizing, probability smoothing, and a decision-state machine to control false positive activations. A remote WebSocket interface provides real-time monitoring and facilitates live demonstration capabilities. Performance is evaluated using both framewise and event-based metrics across multiple configurations. Results show the system achieves low-latency detection with improved robustness under realistic audio conditions. This work demonstrates the feasibility of deploying IoS-compatible SED solutions that can form distributed acoustic monitoring networks, enabling collaborative emergency vehicle tracking across smart city infrastructures through WebSocket connectivity on low-cost edge devices.

声学检测边缘计算警车识别实时系统

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