arXiv:2507.01843cs.RO2025-07中稿 · version published …被引 4

用文本路由实现机器人多任务专家模块化,无需重新训练。

MoIRA: Modular Instruction Routing Architecture for Multi-Task Robotics

  • 外部文本路由控制现有专家,支持零样本动态调度。
  • 在GR1和LIBERO基准上表现优于通用模型,接近顶尖MoE方案。
  • 适合需要快速集成新任务的机器人系统开发人员。

混合专家(MoE)方法因能动态分配计算资源、为不同任务或环境定制子网络而受到机器人领域关注,但现有系统多采用单体架构,依赖固定路由机制,难以灵活定制且需额外训练。本文提出MoIRA,一种架构无关的模块化MoE框架,通过外部文本路由协调已有专家。其提供两种零样本路由方式:基于嵌入相似性与提示驱动的语言模型推理。实验选用gr00t-N1和$π_0$作为底层专家,并使用低秩适配器实现轻量级推理。在GR1人形机器人任务及LIBERO Spatial和Goal基准上,MoIRA持续优于通用模型,性能媲美其他MoE管道。此外,我们分析了指令变化下的鲁棒性:仅依赖任务与专家的文本描述,即可实现精准、低成本的模块化部署,为未来多专家机器人系统提供了可扩展的替代方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) approaches have recently gained traction in robotics applications due to their ability to dynamically allocate computational resources and specialize sub-networks for distinct tasks or environmental contexts, enabling more efficient decision-making. Such systems often comprise sparsely activated experts combined under a single monolithic architecture and require a well-configured internal routing mechanism, which does not allow for selective low-level expert and router customization and requires additional training. We propose MoIRA, an architecture-agnostic modular MoE framework designed to coordinate existing experts with an external text-based router. MoIRA incorporates two zero-shot routing options: embedding-based similarity and prompt-driven language model inference. In our experiments, we choose large Vision-Language-Action models, gr00t-N1 and $π_0$, as the underlying experts, and train low-rank adapters for low-overhead inference. We evaluate MoIRA on various GR1 Humanoid tasks and LIBERO Spatial and Goal benchmarks, where it consistently outperforms generalist models and competes with other MoE pipelines. Additionally, we analyse the robustness of the proposed approach to the variations of the instructions. While relying solely on textual descriptions of tasks and experts, MoIRA demonstrates the practical viability of modular deployment with precise, low-effort routing and provides an alternative, scalable foundation for future multi-expert robotic systems.

机器人模块化MoE文本路由

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。