针对小样本微调扩散模型的过拟合问题,提出自适应训练框架。
APT: Adaptive Personalized Training for Diffusion Models with Limited Data
- 根据过拟合程度动态调整数据增强和损失权重
- 通过正则化特征均值方差稳定噪声预测分布
- 对齐注意力图以保留先验知识,适合小样本图像生成
使用少量数据个性化扩散模型面临严重挑战,包括过拟合、先验知识丢失和文本对齐退化。过拟合导致噪声预测分布偏移,破坏去噪轨迹,使模型丧失语义连贯性。本文提出自适应个性化训练(APT),通过自适应策略和微调时的内部表示正则化缓解过拟合。APT包含三个核心组件:(1) 自适应训练调节,引入过拟合指示器检测每时间步的过拟合程度,并据此应用自适应数据增强与损失加权;(2) 表示稳定化,正则化中间特征图的均值与方差,防止噪声预测过度偏移;(3) 注意力对齐以保持先验知识,将微调后模型的交叉注意力图与预训练模型对齐,维持先验知识与语义一致性。大量实验表明,APT有效缓解过拟合,保留先验知识,在有限参考数据下生成高质量、多样化的图像,优于现有方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Personalizing diffusion models using limited data presents significant challenges, including overfitting, loss of prior knowledge, and degradation of text alignment. Overfitting leads to shifts in the noise prediction distribution, disrupting the denoising trajectory and causing the model to lose semantic coherence. In this paper, we propose Adaptive Personalized Training (APT), a novel framework that mitigates overfitting by employing adaptive training strategies and regularizing the model's internal representations during fine-tuning. APT consists of three key components: (1) Adaptive Training Adjustment, which introduces an overfitting indicator to detect the degree of overfitting at each time step bin and applies adaptive data augmentation and adaptive loss weighting based on this indicator; (2)Representation Stabilization, which regularizes the mean and variance of intermediate feature maps to prevent excessive shifts in noise prediction; and (3) Attention Alignment for Prior Knowledge Preservation, which aligns the cross-attention maps of the fine-tuned model with those of the pretrained model to maintain prior knowledge and semantic coherence. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that APT effectively mitigates overfitting, preserves prior knowledge, and outperforms existing methods in generating high-quality, diverse images with limited reference data.
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