arXiv:2507.02899cs.CV2025-07中稿 · IROS'25

用路边摄像头生成高精度路口矢量地图,成本低且效果接近激光雷达。

Learning to Generate Vectorized Maps at Intersections with Multiple Roadside Cameras

  • 基于多视角摄像头图像,端到端生成矢量地图。
  • 在4000个路口测试中性能超越现有在线方法,接近激光雷达水平。
  • 无需额外模块,适合实际部署,适合自动驾驶地图更新场景。

矢量地图对自动驾驶的精准导航和安全运行至关重要。传统构建方法分为离线与在线两类:离线方法依赖昂贵且耗时的激光雷达数据采集与人工标注;在线方法虽降低成本但性能受限,尤其在复杂路口表现不佳。为此,我们提出MRC-VMap——一种低成本、视觉主导的端到端神经网络,可直接在路口生成高清矢量地图。该方法利用现有道路监控摄像头,将时间对齐的多方向图像直接转换为矢量地图表示,省去独立特征提取与鸟瞰图(BEV)转换等中间步骤,降低计算开销与误差传播。多视角输入提升地图完整性,缓解遮挡问题,在中国四大城市4000个路口的实验中,MRC-VMap不仅优于当前最优在线方法,其精度也接近高成本激光雷达方案,为现代自动驾驶系统提供了一种可扩展、高效的解决方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Vectorized maps are indispensable for precise navigation and the safe operation of autonomous vehicles. Traditional methods for constructing these maps fall into two categories: offline techniques, which rely on expensive, labor-intensive LiDAR data collection and manual annotation, and online approaches that use onboard cameras to reduce costs but suffer from limited performance, especially at complex intersections. To bridge this gap, we introduce MRC-VMap, a cost-effective, vision-centric, end-to-end neural network designed to generate high-definition vectorized maps directly at intersections. Leveraging existing roadside surveillance cameras, MRC-VMap directly converts time-aligned, multi-directional images into vectorized map representations. This integrated solution lowers the need for additional intermediate modules--such as separate feature extraction and Bird's-Eye View (BEV) conversion steps--thus reducing both computational overhead and error propagation. Moreover, the use of multiple camera views enhances mapping completeness, mitigates occlusions, and provides robust performance under practical deployment constraints. Extensive experiments conducted on 4,000 intersections across 4 major metropolitan areas in China demonstrate that MRC-VMap not only outperforms state-of-the-art online methods but also achieves accuracy comparable to high-cost LiDAR-based approaches, thereby offering a scalable and efficient solution for modern autonomous navigation systems.

矢量地图自动驾驶多视角端到端

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