基于真实医院数据生成可复现的病人床位分配实例

Developing algorithms for real-life problems that perform well in practice depends on the availability of realistic data for testing. Obtaining real-life data for optimization problems in health care, however, is often difficult, and such data typically cannot be published, which limits reproducibility by other researchers. This is especially true for patient-related problems because of data privacy policies such as the patient-to-room assignment problem. Therefore, artificially generated instances are commonly used. To improve the generation of realistic instances, we develop a configurable instance generator for the patient-to-room assignment problem and other patient-related problems, featuring an easy-to-use graphical user interface. The design of the generator is based on an extensive empirical analysis of real hospital data, which identifies relevant ward-specific patterns such as patients' age and length-of-stay distributions. Moreover, as randomly generated instances are often infeasible, we address this issue in two ways. We implement a dynamic programming approach in the generator to optionally enforce feasibility and extend existing results from the literature to derive new combinatorial insights into patient-to-room feasibility.