arXiv:2507.03434cs.CVcs.MM2025-07ICCV被引 3

通过遗忘噪声对应关系,让CLIP模型更抗干扰。

Unlearning the Noisy Correspondence Makes CLIP More Robust

  • 提出NCU框架,通过学习最难的负样本实现知识遗忘。
  • 在零样本迁移任务中超越现有鲁棒预训练方法,计算开销更低。
  • 适合需要提升视觉语言模型鲁棒性的研究者使用。

视觉-语言模型(VLM)的数据需求已从早期的数百万扩展至今日的数十亿,但数据质量难以保障,导致大量语义无关的噪声对应(NC)样本出现,严重损害模型性能。以往工作主要通过精细对齐估计来改善,但需从头训练,资源消耗大,难以满足实际需求。本文提出全新视角:直接消除预训练VLM中噪声对应的影响。我们设计了NCU框架,通过学习最难的负样本信息,明确指导模型遗忘错误关联,实现对假正例和假负例的双重遗忘。该过程可统一为快速微调的最优传输目标。在主流CLIP模型上验证表明,NCU在多种下游任务中表现优于现有鲁棒预训练方法,且计算开销更低。代码将在论文接受后发布。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The data appetite for Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has continuously scaled up from the early millions to billions today, which faces an untenable trade-off with data quality and inevitably introduces Noisy Correspondence (NC) samples. Undoubtedly, such semantically unrelated data significantly impairs the performance of VLMs. Previous efforts mainly address this challenge by estimating refined alignment for more precise guidance. However, such resource-intensive pipelines that train VLMs from scratch struggle to meet realistic data demands. In this paper, we present a brand new perspective that seeks to directly eliminate the harmful effects of NC in pre-trained VLMs. Specifically, we propose NCU, a Noisy Correspondence Unlearning fine-tuning framework that efficiently enhances VLMs' robustness by forgetting learned noisy knowledge. The key to NCU is learning the hardest negative information, which can provide explicit unlearning direction for both false positives and false negatives. Such twin goals unlearning process can be formalized into one unified optimal transport objective for fast fine-tuning. We validate our approach with the prevailing CLIP model over various downstream tasks. Remarkably, NCU surpasses the robust pre-trained method on zero-shot transfer while with lower computational overhead. The code will be released upon acceptance.

CLIP模型鲁棒性噪声处理微调

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