基于点云的可微光线追踪模拟无线电传播，90毫秒内完成多路径仿真。
Differentiable High-Performance Ray Tracing-Based Simulation of Radio Propagation with Point Clouds
- 直接在点云上进行可微光线追踪，实现物理准确的无线传播建模。
- 在两个室内场景中，90毫秒内完成最多五次反射/散射的多跳路径模拟。
- 结合语义分割标签，可学习环境电磁属性，适合无线系统优化研究者。
光线追踪是一种广泛使用的确定性无线电传播仿真方法，能够生成物理准确的多径分量。其精度依赖于环境模型及其电磁属性的质量。近年来，计算机视觉与机器学习的发展使得高精度环境模型重建成为可能，并可附加语义分割标签。本文提出一种基于点云的可微光线追踪无线电传播仿真器。我们在两个室内场景中展示了该方法的高效性：可在小于90毫秒内完成最多五次交互（包括镜面反射与漫散射）的多跳传播路径模拟。最后，我们演示了电磁计算的可微性如何与分割标签结合，用于学习环境的电磁属性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Ray tracing is a widely used deterministic method for radio propagation simulations, capable of producing physically accurate multipath components. The accuracy depends on the quality of the environment model and its electromagnetic properties. Recent advances in computer vision and machine learning have made it possible to reconstruct detailed environment models augmented with semantic segmentation labels. In this letter, we propose a differentiable ray tracing-based radio propagation simulator that operates directly on point clouds. We showcase the efficiency of our method by simulating multi-bounce propagation paths with up to five interactions with specular reflections and diffuse scattering in two indoor scenarios, each completing in less than 90 ms. Lastly, we demonstrate how the differentiability of electromagnetic computations can be combined with segmentation labels to learn the electromagnetic properties of the environment.
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