arXiv:2507.04116cs.CVstat.AP2025-07被引 2

用高斯过程建模运动,提升多目标追踪的鲁棒性和自适应能力。

Integrated Gaussian Processes for Robust and Adaptive Multi-Object Tracking

  • 结合高斯过程与泊松过程,实现运动建模与观测建模的灵活融合。
  • 在真实雷达数据中减少约30%的轨迹中断,在模拟数据中效果更显著。
  • 适合动态环境中的复杂目标追踪,尤其适用于需分类与轨迹恢复场景。

本文提出一种计算高效的多目标追踪方法,能有效减少轨迹断裂(如在复杂环境或面对快速移动目标时),在线学习测量模型参数(如在动态变化场景中),并可推断被追踪对象类别(若需联合追踪与运动行为分类)。该方法利用集成高斯过程作为运动模型的灵活性以及非齐次泊松过程作为观测模型的便利统计特性,并结合所提出的高效轨迹恢复/拼接机制。为此,我们引入两种鲁棒且自适应的追踪器:带分类的高斯与泊松过程(GaPP-Class)和带恢复与分类的高斯与泊松过程(GaPP-ReaCtion)。二者采用适当的粒子滤波推理方案,高效整合轨迹管理与超参数学习(包括对象类别,若适用)。GaPP-ReaCtion 在 GaPP-Class 基础上增加马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛核,作用于每个粒子以实现轨迹恢复与拼接(如在删除轨迹后数个时间步内)。基于合成与真实数据的性能评估与基准测试表明,GaPP-Class 和 GaPP-ReaCtion 均优于其他先进追踪算法。例如,GaPP-ReaCtion 在真实雷达数据中显著降低轨迹中断约30%,在模拟数据中降幅更为明显。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This paper presents a computationally efficient multi-object tracking approach that can minimise track breaks (e.g., in challenging environments and against agile targets), learn the measurement model parameters on-line (e.g., in dynamically changing scenes) and infer the class of the tracked objects, if joint tracking and kinematic behaviour classification is sought. It capitalises on the flexibilities offered by the integrated Gaussian process as a motion model and the convenient statistical properties of non-homogeneous Poisson processes as a suitable observation model. This can be combined with the proposed effective track revival / stitching mechanism. We accordingly introduce the two robust and adaptive trackers, Gaussian and Poisson Process with Classification (GaPP-Class) and GaPP with Revival and Classification (GaPP-ReaCtion). They employ an appropriate particle filtering inference scheme that efficiently integrates track management and hyperparameter learning (including the object class, if relevant). GaPP-ReaCtion extends GaPP-Class with the addition of a Markov Chain Monte Carlo kernel applied to each particle permitting track revival and stitching (e.g., within a few time steps after deleting a trajectory). Performance evaluation and benchmarking using synthetic and real data show that GaPP-Class and GaPP-ReaCtion outperform other state-of-the-art tracking algorithms. For example, GaPP-ReaCtion significantly reduces track breaks (e.g., by around 30% from real radar data and markedly more from simulated data).

多目标追踪高斯过程轨迹恢复自适应

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