对比人与遥控机器人在葡萄园作业中的效率,发现速度是决定性因素。
Human vs. Teleoperated Robots in Vineyard Management: A Simulation-Based Analysis of Travel Speed, Routing, and Task Performance
- 统一定位与路径规划标准,公平比较人与机器人的表现
- 人类以1.4米/秒速度完成任务快43%-48%,机器人仅0.9米/秒
- 若速度相当,两者差距仅9%-12%,适合关注续航与安全的场景
高昂的人工成本和狭窄的施药窗口促使遥控机器人成为葡萄园巡检与处理的潜在工具。然而,仿真中对人类与机器人性能的比较极易受建模选择影响,如目标位置记录、路径规划效率及行驶速度评估方式。本文在两项葡萄园任务(病害检测与处理、产量区域调查)中,对人类操作员与遥控无人车进行仿真对比,确保双方在定位标记与路径规划上标准一致,采用对该拓扑结构最优的路径策略,并考虑遥操作特有影响。结果显示,在信息获取与路径规划相同条件下,任务耗时主要由持续行驶速度决定:人类速度为1.4米/秒,无人车为0.9米/秒时,人类完成两项任务分别快43%-48%;在速度相同时,二者差异仅为9%-12%;其余参数变动对结果影响均不足4个百分点。结论表明,该比较本质是平台速度之争,支持遥控机器人应基于劳动力可得性、耐力、一致性或危险规避等非时间因素。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Rising labor costs and narrow treatment windows have made teleoperated robots a proposed tool for vineyard scouting and treatment, but simulation-based comparisons of human and robotic performance are sensitive to modeling choices that can favor one agent before any trial runs: whether both can record a target's location, whether both are routed efficiently, and whether travel speeds are assessed consistently. This paper simulates a human operator against a teleoperated robot on two vineyard tasks, disease detection-and-treatment and yield-zone survey, holding both agents to matched location-marking and routing standards, using a routing strategy proven optimal for this topology, and modeling teleoperation-specific effects. Once information access and routing are held equal, task-time outcomes are governed largely by relative sustained travel speed: at the speeds modeled (1.4 m/s human, 0.9 m/s UGV), the human completes both tasks 43-48 percent faster, a gap persisting across a simulated eight-cycle season, while at speed parity the agents differ by only 9-12 percent, and every other parameter shifts the result by under 4 points. These results indicate the comparison is primarily a question of platform speed, and that the case for teleoperated robots should rest on labor availability, endurance, consistency, or hazard avoidance rather than completion time.
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