arXiv:2507.04949cs.RO2025-07

用张量分解压缩树搜索,让机器人在复杂任务中更快更省地找最优解。

Monte Carlo Tree Search with Tensor Factorization for Optimization Problems in Robotics

  • 用张量分解压缩决策树,降低计算与存储开销。
  • 在多种机器人任务中实现高效全局优化,收敛速度显著提升。
  • 适合需要跨任务通用性的机器人规划系统使用。

许多机器人任务,如逆运动学、避障路径规划、接触丰富的操作等,可建模为优化问题。这些问题涉及非线性运动学、复杂的接触动力学、长时序相关性和多模态优化景观,对现有优化器构成挑战。现有方法依赖特定任务策略,限制了跨任务泛化能力,需大量工程重构,阻碍多任务自主。蒙特卡洛树搜索(MCTS)通过探索解空间提供通用框架,但直接应用时面临组合爆炸,导致收敛慢、存储需求高。本文提出张量列车树搜索(TTTS),利用张量分解挖掘决策树中各分支间的隐含相关性,构建紧凑的线性复杂度表示,大幅降低计算与存储开销,实现高效全局决策。在逆运动学、障碍物绕行路径规划、足式机器人操作、多阶段运动规划及双臂全身操作等任务上的实验表明,TTTS在多样化任务中均表现出优异的优化效率。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Many robotic tasks, such as inverse kinematics, motion planning, and contact-rich manipulation, can be formulated as optimization problems. Solving these problems requires addressing inherent nonlinear kinematics, complex contact dynamics, long-horizon correlations, and multi-modal optimization landscapes, each posing distinct challenges for state-of-the-art optimizers. While existing methods tackle these issues through problem-specific strategies, such specialization inherently limits cross-task generalization, requires heavy engineering effort in problem reformulation, and hinders multi-task autonomy. Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) offers a compelling framework that generalizes across diverse robotic tasks via strategic exploration of the solution space. However, it typically suffers from combinatorial complexity when applied naively, resulting in slow convergence and excessive storage space in high-dimensional domains. To address this limitation, we propose Tensor Train Tree Search (TTTS), which leverages tensor factorization to exploit implicit correlations among different branches within the decision tree. By utilizing the resulting compact, linear-complexity representation, TTTS significantly reduces both computation and storage overhead, thereby enabling highly efficient global decision making. Experimental results across inverse kinematics, motion planning around obstacles, legged robot manipulation, multi-stage motion planning, and bimanual whole-body manipulation demonstrate the efficiency of TTTS for generalized robot optimization over a diverse set of tasks.

机器人优化树搜索张量分解运动规划

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