通过服务器端图剪枝,让加密图神经网络推理更快更高效。
DESIGN: Encrypted GNN Inference via Server-Side Input Graph Pruning
- 用加密度统计计算节点重要性,生成多级重要性掩码。
- 相比现有方法,推理速度提升显著,准确率保持竞争力。
- 适合需要隐私保护的实时图分析场景,如金融风控、医疗数据共享。
图神经网络(GNN)在各类图学习任务中取得了顶尖性能。然而,在全同态加密(FHE)等加密环境下实现隐私保护的GNN推理通常带来巨大计算开销,使实时推理难以实现。本文提出DESIGN(EncrypteD GNN Inference via sErver-Side Input Graph pruNing),一种高效的加密GNN推理新框架。DESIGN克服了现有FHE GNN方法忽略输入冗余、采用统一计算策略的效率瓶颈。其核心是完全在服务器端执行的分层优化:首先基于加密图的度统计信息计算可加密的节点重要性评分;随后利用这些评分进行同态分割,直接在加密域生成多级重要性掩码。该动态掩码支持输入图剪枝(逻辑移除低重要性节点)和新型自适应多项式激活机制,激活复杂度随节点重要性动态调整。实验表明,DESIGN在保持与先进方法相当精度的前提下,显著加速了FHE GNN推理,为安全图分析提供了稳健解决方案。代码已开源:https://github.com/LabRAI/DESIGN。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in various graph-based learning tasks. However, enabling privacy-preserving GNNs in encrypted domains, such as under Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE), typically incurs substantial computational overhead, rendering real-time and privacy-preserving inference impractical. In this work, we propose DESIGN (EncrypteD GNN Inference via sErver-Side Input Graph pruNing), a novel framework for efficient encrypted GNN inference. DESIGN tackles the critical efficiency limitations of existing FHE GNN approaches, which often overlook input data redundancy and apply uniform computational strategies. Our framework achieves significant performance gains through a hierarchical optimization strategy executed entirely on the server: first, FHE-compatible node importance scores (based on encrypted degree statistics) are computed from the encrypted graph. These scores then guide a homomorphic partitioning process, generating multi-level importance masks directly under FHE. This dynamically generated mask facilitates both input graph pruning (by logically removing unimportant elements) and a novel adaptive polynomial activation scheme, where activation complexity is tailored to node importance levels. Empirical evaluations demonstrate that DESIGN substantially accelerates FHE GNN inference compared to state-of-the-art methods while maintaining competitive model accuracy, presenting a robust solution for secure graph analytics. Our implementation is publicly available at https://github.com/LabRAI/DESIGN.
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