用强化学习让飞行机器人精准抓绳停靠,省电又灵活。
Learning Agile Tensile Perching for Aerial Robots from Demonstrations
- 结合最优与次优示范数据,用SACfD算法训练抓绳轨迹
- 能精确控制位置速度,实现绳段精准定位与可靠缠绕
- 适合想提升飞行器续航的机器人研发者
在树木、横梁和边缘等结构上停靠,可显著延长飞行机器人的续航时间。采用系绳张力式停靠机制,结构简单且可适配现有机器人,适应不同尺寸和形状的结构。但该机制带来显著建模挑战,需精确管理飞行器动力学,包括绳索松弛与张力状态及动量传递。在特定绳段进行平稳缠绕并牢固锚定,进一步增加复杂性。本文提出一种新型系绳张力停靠轨迹框架,基于从示范中学习的软演员-评论家(SACfD)强化学习算法。通过融合最优与次优示范数据,提升训练效率与响应能力,实现对位置与速度的精确控制。该框架使飞行机器人能准确瞄准特定绳段,实现可靠缠绕与稳固锚定。通过大量仿真与真实实验验证,证明了该方法在生成敏捷、可靠的张力停靠轨迹方面的有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Perching on structures such as trees, beams, and ledges is essential for extending the endurance of aerial robots by enabling energy conservation in standby or observation modes. A tethered tensile perching mechanism offers a simple, adaptable solution that can be retrofitted to existing robots and accommodates a variety of structure sizes and shapes. However, tethered tensile perching introduces significant modelling challenges which require precise management of aerial robot dynamics, including the cases of tether slack & tension, and momentum transfer. Achieving smooth wrapping and secure anchoring by targeting a specific tether segment adds further complexity. In this work, we present a novel trajectory framework for tethered tensile perching, utilizing reinforcement learning (RL) through the Soft Actor-Critic from Demonstrations (SACfD) algorithm. By incorporating both optimal and suboptimal demonstrations, our approach enhances training efficiency and responsiveness, achieving precise control over position and velocity. This framework enables the aerial robot to accurately target specific tether segments, facilitating reliable wrapping and secure anchoring. We validate our framework through extensive simulation and real-world experiments, and demonstrate effectiveness in achieving agile and reliable trajectory generation for tensile perching.
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