arXiv:2507.06373cs.AIcs.CY2025-07被引 1

用三维模拟训练美军战场伤员后送决策,提升实战应对能力。

Digital Simulations to Enhance Military Medical Evacuation Decision-Making

  • 开发基于Unity的多人3D战场模拟系统,还原真实医疗后送流程。
  • 实测显示参与者对战救知识掌握度与协作决策能力显著提升。
  • 适合军事医学教育、联合作战指挥训练人员使用。

战场伤员后送是美国陆军最核心的任务之一,需高效转运和救治大量伤员。传统教学缺乏可操作的仿真平台来评估离线规划与实时决策表现。本文介绍医疗后送兵棋推演项目(MEWI),一个在Unity中开发的三维多人模拟系统,真实再现了战场约束与不确定性。该系统精确建模了伤员在集结点、救护车交接点、治疗机构及后送平台间的交互过程。实验包含两个场景:太平洋岛屿两栖登陆作战,以及欧亚大陆广阔道路与水网冲突场景。学生需在时限内最大化挽救伤员,同时遵循训练中学到的条令原则。通过两次太平洋场景推演,收集了性能数据,并结合学生问卷与观察员记录,识别关键决策点,总结后送经验教训并量化工具效用。结果显示,参与MEWI显著提升了学员对后送条令的理解和协作决策水平。该系统为高保真军事医学培训提供了重要进展,研究结果对改进联合部队医疗后送教育与作战效能具有关键价值。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Medical evacuation is one of the United States Army's most storied and critical mission sets, responsible for efficiently and expediently evacuating the battlefield ill and injured. Medical evacuation planning involves designing a robust network of medical platforms and facilities capable of moving and treating large numbers of casualties. Until now, there has not been a medium to simulate these networks in a classroom setting and evaluate both offline planning and online decision-making performance. This work describes the Medical Evacuation Wargaming Initiative (MEWI), a three-dimensional multiplayer simulation developed in Unity that replicates battlefield constraints and uncertainties. MEWI accurately models patient interactions at casualty collection points, ambulance exchange points, medical treatment facilities, and evacuation platforms. Two operational scenarios are introduced: an amphibious island assault in the Pacific and a Eurasian conflict across a sprawling road and river network. These scenarios pit students against the clock to save as many casualties as possible while adhering to doctrinal lessons learned during didactic training. We visualize performance data collected from two iterations of the MEWI Pacific scenario executed in the United States Army's Medical Evacuation Doctrine Course. We consider post-wargame Likert survey data from student participants and external observer notes to identify key planning decision points, document medical evacuation lessons learned, and quantify general utility. Results indicate that MEWI participation substantially improves uptake of medical evacuation lessons learned and co-operative decision-making. MEWI is a substantial step forward in the field of high-fidelity training tools for medical education, and our study findings offer critical insights into improving medical evacuation education and operations across the joint force.

军事医疗仿真训练决策优化

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