用样条定义轨迹场,提升稀疏数据下的运动连贯性与精度。
Spline Deformation Field
- 以样条节点数控制自由度,实现可解析计算的速度与加速度。
- 在稀疏时间信号下插值性能优于现有方法,动态重建质量相当。
- 无需线性混合皮肤或刚性约束,适合需要自然运动的场景建模。
密集点轨迹建模通常采用隐式变形场,即通过神经网络将坐标映射为初始空间位置与时间偏移量之间的关系。然而,神经网络固有的归纳偏置在病态情况下会损害空间一致性。现有方法要么强化变形场编码策略,导致模型不透明且难以理解;要么采用线性混合蒙皮等显式技术,依赖启发式节点初始化。此外,隐式表示在稀疏时间信号插值中的潜力尚未充分探索。为此,本文提出基于样条的轨迹表示方法,其中节点数量显式决定自由度。该方法可高效解析推导速度,保持空间一致性与加速度特性,同时抑制时间波动。为联合建模节点在时空域的特征,我们引入一种新颖的低秩时变空间编码,替代传统耦合时空技术。实验表明,本方法在稀疏输入下连续场拟合的时序插值性能显著提升。同时,在动态场景重建方面达到与前沿方法相当的质量,且无需依赖线性混合蒙皮或尽量刚性约束,显著增强运动连贯性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Trajectory modeling of dense points usually employs implicit deformation fields, represented as neural networks that map coordinates to relate canonical spatial positions to temporal offsets. However, the inductive biases inherent in neural networks can hinder spatial coherence in ill-posed scenarios. Current methods focus either on enhancing encoding strategies for deformation fields, often resulting in opaque and less intuitive models, or adopt explicit techniques like linear blend skinning, which rely on heuristic-based node initialization. Additionally, the potential of implicit representations for interpolating sparse temporal signals remains under-explored. To address these challenges, we propose a spline-based trajectory representation, where the number of knots explicitly determines the degrees of freedom. This approach enables efficient analytical derivation of velocities, preserving spatial coherence and accelerations, while mitigating temporal fluctuations. To model knot characteristics in both spatial and temporal domains, we introduce a novel low-rank time-variant spatial encoding, replacing conventional coupled spatiotemporal techniques. Our method demonstrates superior performance in temporal interpolation for fitting continuous fields with sparse inputs. Furthermore, it achieves competitive dynamic scene reconstruction quality compared to state-of-the-art methods while enhancing motion coherence without relying on linear blend skinning or as-rigid-as-possible constraints.
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