梳理数字地名词典技术，推动位置信息检索更精准
Digital gazetteers: review and prospects for place name knowledge bases
- 系统回顾地名词典的数据来源、结构与管理技术
- 指出当前词典对地点多维特征表示不足
- 适合地理信息、自然语言处理研究者参考
地名词典通常存储地名、地物类型及对应坐标，对在线地理信息检索中的地名消歧、导航定位、文本中地名识别与坐标提供至关重要。目前存在多种来源的地名词典，缺乏统一编码标准，且大多仅限于基础地理信息，难以体现地点的物理、商业、社会或文化等多维特征。本文综述了数据来源、组件构成、软件工具、数据管理技术、数据质量与志愿者数据，并探讨了如何匹配指向同一真实地点的不同数据源。文章强调未来需加强地名的丰富表征、地点随时间演变的建模，以及更高效的跨源数据融合方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Gazetteers typically store data on place names, place types and the associated coordinates. They play an essential role in disambiguating place names in online geographical information retrieval systems for navigation and mapping, detecting and disambiguating place names in text, and providing coordinates. Currently there are many gazetteers in use derived from many sources, with no commonly accepted standard for encoding the data. Most gazetteers are also very limited in the extent to which they represent the multiple facets of the named places yet they have potential to assist user search for locations with specific physical, commercial, social or cultural characteristics. With a view to understanding digital gazetteer technologies and advancing their future effectiveness for information retrieval, we provide a review of data sources, components, software and data management technologies, data quality and volunteered data, and methods for matching sources that refer to the same real-world places. We highlight the need for future work on richer representation of named places, the temporal evolution of place identity and location, and the development of more effective methods for data integration.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品；中文卡片由大模型生成，请以原文为准。