用代理模型优化多模式交通系统架构，降低计算成本。
System-of-systems Modeling and Optimization: An Integrated Framework for Intermodal Mobility
- 采用高斯过程代理模型替代复杂仿真，加速架构探索。
- 相比传统方法，显著减少评估次数与计算开销。
- 适合需高效设计复杂交通系统的工程与规划人员。
为开发创新系统架构，建模与优化技术在定义架构流程及优化问题中起关键作用。针对系统之系统（system-of-systems）场景，推荐使用高效的专用方法（通常为基于物理的仿真），以降低目标应用的计算复杂度。然而，利用此类专用方法探索新架构时，可能给优化算法带来挑战，包括评估成本上升及潜在失败。为此，基于代理的优化算法（如利用高斯过程模型的贝叶斯优化）应运而生。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
For developing innovative systems architectures, modeling and optimization techniques have been central to frame the architecting process and define the optimization and modeling problems. In this context, for system-of-systems the use of efficient dedicated approaches (often physics-based simulations) is highly recommended to reduce the computational complexity of the targeted applications. However, exploring novel architectures using such dedicated approaches might pose challenges for optimization algorithms, including increased evaluation costs and potential failures. To address these challenges, surrogate-based optimization algorithms, such as Bayesian optimization utilizing Gaussian process models have emerged.
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