arXiv:2507.08827physics.soc-phcs.AI2025-07被引 1

用AI自动发现网络韧性理论,揭示节点度与状态关联对系统稳定的关键作用。

Advancing network resilience theories with symbolized reinforcement learning

  • 通过符号化AI攻破网络的策略,自动提炼出融合拓扑与动态的韧性公式
  • 新理论在预测系统崩溃上比现有方法准确率提升超37.5%
  • 适合研究复杂系统稳定性、风险预警及智能网络设计的研究者

许多复杂网络在外部扰动、内部故障和环境变化下表现出显著韧性,但少数关键节点被移除后可能迅速失稳。揭示衡量网络韧性的理论,对预防物种灭绝、金融危机等重大崩溃具有深远意义。当前韧性理论仅从拓扑角度出发,忽视了系统动态的复杂影响,因拓扑与动态耦合机制超出人工分析能力。本文提出一种自动理论发现方法,通过学习人工智能解决复杂网络瓦解问题的过程,将攻击策略符号化为理论公式。该自归纳方法首次发现同时考虑拓扑与动态的韧性理论,揭示节点度与状态相关性如何塑造整体韧性,并为系统性崩溃的早期预警提供洞见。此外,该方法还改进了现有经典理论,准确率提升超过37.5%,显著推动人类对复杂网络的理解。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Many complex networks display remarkable resilience under external perturbations, internal failures and environmental changes, yet they can swiftly deteriorate into dysfunction upon the removal of a few keystone nodes. Discovering theories that measure network resilience offers the potential to prevent catastrophic collapses--from species extinctions to financial crise--with profound implications for real-world systems. Current resilience theories address the problem from a single perspective of topology, neglecting the crucial role of system dynamics, due to the intrinsic complexity of the coupling between topology and dynamics which exceeds the capabilities of human analytical methods. Here, we report an automatic method for resilience theory discovery, which learns from how AI solves a complicated network dismantling problem and symbolizes its network attack strategies into theoretical formulas. This proposed self-inductive approach discovers the first resilience theory that accounts for both topology and dynamics, highlighting how the correlation between node degree and state shapes overall network resilience, and offering insights for designing early warning signals of systematic collapses. Additionally, our approach discovers formulas that refine existing well-established resilience theories with over 37.5% improvement in accuracy, significantly advancing human understanding of complex networks with AI.

网络韧性AI发现理论复杂系统

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