用神经网络求解高维非线性晶格问题,突破传统方法计算瓶颈。
Physics-informed neural networks for high-dimensional solutions and snaking bifurcations in nonlinear lattices
- 结合物理约束与随机采样,提升高维系统求解效率
- 成功绘制出复杂非线性晶格的蛇形分岔图
- 适用于研究高维非线性系统分岔与稳定性,适合计算物理学者
本文提出基于物理信息神经网络(PINNs)的框架,用于解决非线性晶格中的关键挑战:解的逼近、分岔图构建及线性稳定性分析。首先利用PINNs近似晶格模型产生的非线性系统的解,采用Levenberg-Marquardt算法优化网络权重以提高精度,并引入随机采样策略提升高维场景下的计算效率。进一步将PINNs与延拓法结合,通过辅助方程有效追踪连续解分支,实现蛇形分岔图的计算。针对线性稳定性分析,改进PINNs以计算特征向量,并加入输出约束以保证正性,符合Sturm-Liouville理论。在1至5维的离散Allen-Cahn方程(含三次与五次非线性项)上进行数值实验,结果表明该方法在高维情形下精度可媲美或优于传统数值方法,尤其在计算资源受限时表现更优。研究验证了神经网络作为可扩展、高效的工具,在复杂非线性晶格系统研究中的潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This paper introduces a framework based on physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for addressing key challenges in nonlinear lattices, including solution approximation, bifurcation diagram construction, and linear stability analysis. We first employ PINNs to approximate solutions of nonlinear systems arising from lattice models, using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm to optimize network weights for greater accuracy. To enhance computational efficiency in high-dimensional settings, we integrate a stochastic sampling strategy. We then extend the method by coupling PINNs with a continuation approach to compute snaking bifurcation diagrams, incorporating an auxiliary equation to effectively track successive solution branches. For linear stability analysis, we adapt PINNs to compute eigenvectors, introducing output constraints to enforce positivity, in line with Sturm-Liouville theory. Numerical experiments are conducted on the discrete Allen-Cahn equation with cubic and quintic nonlinearities in one to five spatial dimensions. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves accuracy comparable to, or better than, traditional numerical methods, especially in high-dimensional regimes where computational resources are a limiting factor. These findings highlight the potential of neural networks as scalable and efficient tools for the study of complex nonlinear lattice systems.
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