为模块化软体机械臂构建可交互的数字孪生系统,实现精准设计与远程控制。
Digital twins for the design, interactive control, and deployment of modular, fiber-reinforced soft continuum arms
- 用柯赛尔杆网络模拟自由形变的气动软臂,保留模块结构特征。
- 实验与仿真在多种工况下误差小,验证了模型精度。
- 支持虚拟环境中实时控制设计,适合医疗与柔性机器人研发者。
软体连续臂(SCAs)凭借其机械柔顺性,在辅助设备、农业、搜救及手术中具有广泛应用前景。然而,材料、形态与驱动之间的强非线性耦合使设计与控制复杂,限制了实际部署。为此,本文提出一种基于气动纤维增强弹性封装(FREE)的模块化软体臂数字孪生框架。该框架通过柯赛尔杆网络建模自由臂的三维重构,精确捕捉变形特性并保持内部模块化结构。针对细长、小体积且高度可变形的特性,我们开发了三维重建流程,可靠恢复臂体运动学与应变分布。多组配置与驱动条件下的实验结果表明,仿真与实测高度一致。最后,将数字孪生嵌入虚拟环境,实现交互式控制设计与真实系统部署,为模块化软体连续臂的协同设计与远程操作奠定基础。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Soft continuum arms (SCAs) promise versatile manipulation through mechanical compliance, for assistive devices, agriculture, search applications, or surgery. However, the strong nonlinear coupling between materials, morphology, and actuation renders design and control challenging, hindering real-world deployment. In this context, a modular fabrication strategy paired with reliable, interactive simulations would be highly beneficial, streamlining prototyping and control design. Here, we present a digital twin framework for modular SCAs realized using pneumatic Fiber-Reinforced Elastomeric Enclosures (FREEs). The approach models assemblies of FREE actuators through networks of Cosserat rods, favoring the accurate simulation of three-dimensional arm reconfigurations, while explicitly preserving internal modular architecture. This enables the quantitative analysis and scalable development of composite soft robot arms, overcoming limitations of current monolithic continuum models. To validate the framework, we introduce a three-dimensional reconstruction pipeline tailored to soft, slender, small-volume, and highly deformable structures, allowing reliable recovery of arm kinematics and strain distributions. Experimental results across multiple configurations and actuation regimes demonstrate close agreement with simulations. Finally, we embed the digital twins in a virtual environment to allow interactive control design and sim-to-real deployment, establishing a foundation for principled co-design and remote operation of modular soft continuum manipulators.
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