用GPT-4 Turbo打造虚拟审讯中逼真的AI角色,测试其真实感与交互表现。
An Empirical Evaluation of AI-Powered Non-Player Characters' Perceived Realism and Performance in Virtual Reality Environments
- 基于GPT-4 Turbo构建嫌疑人与搭档两个AI角色,实现动态对话交互。
- 平均循环延迟7秒,可信度评分6.67/10,行为与智能表现较好但情绪表达不足。
- 适合关注VR中AI角色设计、人机交互体验的研究者与开发者参考。
人工智能进展显著提升了虚拟现实(VR)中非玩家角色(NPC)的逼真度与互动性,带来更沉浸的用户体验。本文在虚拟审讯模拟器中评估了基于AI的NPC,重点考察其感知真实度、可用性与系统性能。模拟器包含两名由GPT-4 Turbo驱动的AI角色:嫌疑人与搭档,参与者需通过对话判断嫌疑人是否有罪。18名用户参与研究,采用系统可用性量表(SUS)、游戏体验问卷(GEQ)和虚拟代理可信度问卷进行评估,并测量语音转文字(STT)、文字转语音(TTS)、OpenAI GPT-4 Turbo及整体(循环)延迟。结果显示,平均循环延迟为7秒,受对话上下文增长影响;可信度评分为6.67/10,行为、社会关系与智能得分高,情绪与个性中等;系统可用性评分(SUS)达79.44,表明可用性良好。研究证明大语言模型可提升VR中NPC的真实感与交互能力,但系统延迟与情感深度仍需优化,对构建更沉浸式虚拟体验具有指导意义。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly enhanced the realism and interactivity of non-player characters (NPCs) in virtual reality (VR), creating more engaging and believable user experiences. This paper evaluates AI-driven NPCs within a VR interrogation simulator, focusing on their perceived realism, usability, and system performance. The simulator features two AI-powered NPCs, a suspect, and a partner, using GPT-4 Turbo to engage participants in a scenario to determine the suspect's guilt or innocence. A user study with 18 participants assessed the system using the System Usability Scale (SUS), Game Experience Questionnaire (GEQ), and a Virtual Agent Believability Questionnaire, alongside latency measurements for speech-to-text (STT), text-to-speech (TTS), OpenAI GPT-4 Turbo, and overall (cycle) latency. Results showed an average cycle latency of 7 seconds, influenced by the increasing conversational context. Believability scored 6.67 out of 10, with high ratings in behavior, social relationships, and intelligence but moderate scores in emotion and personality. The system achieved a SUS score of 79.44, indicating good usability. These findings demonstrate the potential of large language models to improve NPC realism and interaction in VR while highlighting challenges in reducing system latency and enhancing emotional depth. This research contributes to the development of more sophisticated AI-driven NPCs, revealing the need for performance optimization to achieve increasingly immersive virtual experiences.
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