提出软约束方法，在降噪与语音保真间灵活权衡，提升开放式耳机降噪效果。
Soft-Constrained Spatially Selective Active Noise Control for Open-fitting Hearables
- 引入可调参数实现降噪与语音失真间的软性权衡
- 仿真显示信噪比、语音质量与可懂度显著优于硬约束方案
- 适合对语音清晰度要求高的开放型耳戴设备场景
近年来，基于多麦克风的空间定向主动降噪（SSANC）技术使耳戴设备在抑制干扰噪声的同时，能保留特定方向的语音。以往研究采用硬约束优化控制滤波器以最小化语音失真。本文提出一种软约束SSANC系统，使用一个频率无关的参数，在语音失真与降噪效果间进行权衡。推导了时域与频域公式，表明传统主动降噪和硬约束SSANC均为该设计的两个极端情况。通过在消声环境中的仿真测试，使用一对开放式耳戴设备，配置一个语音源和两个噪声源，结果验证了理论推导，并表明在广泛的权衡参数范围内，信号-噪声比以及语音质量（PESQ）和可懂度（ESTOI）均显著优于硬约束设计。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent advances in spatially selective active noise control (SSANC) using multiple microphones have enabled hearables to suppress undesired noise while preserving desired speech from a specific direction. Aiming to achieve minimal speech distortion, a hard constraint has been used in previous work in the optimization problem to compute the control filter. In this work, we propose a soft-constrained SSANC system that uses a frequency-independent parameter to trade off between speech distortion and noise reduction. We derive both time- and frequency-domain formulations, and show that conventional active noise control and hard-constrained SSANC represent two limiting cases of the proposed design. We evaluate the system through simulations using a pair of open-fitting hearables in an anechoic environment with one speech source and two noise sources. The simulation results validate the theoretical derivations and demonstrate that for a broad range of the trade-off parameter, the signal-to-noise ratio and the speech quality and intelligibility in terms of PESQ and ESTOI can be substantially improved compared to the hard-constrained design.
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