用自蒸馏机制从专家数据生成奖励,无需人工标注即可实现高效离线强化学习。
From Novelty to Imitation: Self-Distilled Rewards for Offline Reinforcement Learning
- 通过嵌入差异度量生成内在奖励信号,替代传统人工标注。
- 在D4RL基准上性能媲美带显式奖励的方法。
- 方法简单有效,适合缺乏奖励标注的离线强化学习场景。
离线强化学习旨在仅从静态数据集中学习有效策略,而无需与环境进行进一步交互。然而,其实际应用常受限于显式奖励标注的需求,这类标注往往成本高昂或难以事后获取。为此,我们提出ReLOAD(基于蒸馏的离线奖励标注强化学习),一种新颖的离线强化学习奖励标注框架。不同于依赖复杂对齐过程的现有方法,我们的方法将随机网络蒸馏(RND)适配为利用专家示范生成内在奖励,采用简单有效的嵌入差异度量。首先,训练一个预测网络以模仿固定目标网络在专家状态转移上的嵌入;随后,两网络间的预测误差作为静态数据集中每条转移的奖励信号。该机制在无需手工设计奖励的情况下提供结构化奖励信号。我们提供了形式化理论框架,揭示了RND预测误差如何通过区分类似专家的转移来有效充当内在奖励。在D4RL基准上的实验表明,ReLOAD能够实现稳健的离线策略学习,并达到与传统奖励标注方法相当的性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) aims to learn effective policies from a static dataset without requiring further agent-environment interactions. However, its practical adoption is often hindered by the need for explicit reward annotations, which can be costly to engineer or difficult to obtain retrospectively. To address this, we propose ReLOAD (Reinforcement Learning with Offline Reward Annotation via Distillation), a novel reward annotation framework for offline RL. Unlike existing methods that depend on complex alignment procedures, our approach adapts Random Network Distillation (RND) to generate intrinsic rewards from expert demonstrations using a simple yet effective embedding discrepancy measure. First, we train a predictor network to mimic a fixed target network's embeddings based on expert state transitions. Later, the prediction error between these networks serves as a reward signal for each transition in the static dataset. This mechanism provides a structured reward signal without requiring handcrafted reward annotations. We provide a formal theoretical construct that offers insights into how RND prediction errors effectively serve as intrinsic rewards by distinguishing expert-like transitions. Experiments on the D4RL benchmark demonstrate that ReLOAD enables robust offline policy learning and achieves performance competitive with traditional reward-annotated methods.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。