用信息论动态加权伦理属性,提升仿真决策效率
Information-Theoretic Aggregation of Ethical Attributes in Simulated-Command
- 基于熵的自动加权方法,动态分配伦理属性权重
- 减少人工干预,仿真完成后仅需人选最优方案
- 适合需要大规模伦理模拟的AI系统设计者
在人工智能时代,人类指挥官需利用现有计算能力模拟海量场景。每个场景中,不同决策选项可能带来伦理后果。若依赖人工判断,既违背快速探索大量场景的目标,也因工作量过大而不可行。本文将人类判断移出仿真决策循环:人类预先定义伦理度量空间,由仿真环境自主探索;仿真结束后,返回少数候选方案供人类选择执行。本文假设伦理度量设计已解决,核心问题转向如何在生成式仿真中动态加权伦理属性。借鉴多准则决策中熵的应用,提出多种自动计算伦理属性权重的方法,实现高效、可扩展的伦理评估。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In the age of AI, human commanders need to use the computational powers available in today's environment to simulate a very large number of scenarios. Within each scenario, situations occur where different decision design options could have ethical consequences. Making these decisions reliant on human judgement is both counter-productive to the aim of exploring very large number of scenarios in a timely manner and infeasible when considering the workload needed to involve humans in each of these choices. In this paper, we move human judgement outside the simulation decision cycle. Basically, the human will design the ethical metric space, leaving it to the simulated environment to explore the space. When the simulation completes its testing cycles, the testing environment will come back to the human commander with a few options to select from. The human commander will then exercise human-judgement to select the most appropriate course of action, which will then get executed accordingly. We assume that the problem of designing metrics that are sufficiently granular to assess the ethical implications of decisions is solved. Subsequently, the fundamental problem we look at in this paper is how to weight ethical decisions during the running of these simulations; that is, how to dynamically weight the ethical attributes when agents are faced with decision options with ethical implications during generative simulations. The multi-criteria decision making literature has started to look at nearby problems, where the concept of entropy has been used to determine the weights during aggregation. We draw from that literature different approaches to automatically calculate the weights for ethical attributes during simulation-based testing and evaluation.
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