arXiv:2507.12872cs.AIcs.CR2025-07被引 4

提出首个系统性框架,评估前沿AI操纵员工的潜在安全风险。

Manipulation Attacks by Misaligned AI: Risk Analysis and Safety Case Framework

  • 从能力、控制、可信度三方面构建风险论证框架
  • 指出当前模型已具备人类级说服与策略欺骗能力
  • 适合企业AI安全部门用于部署前风险评估

前沿AI系统在说服、欺骗和影响人类行为方面快速进步,现有模型已在特定场景中展现出人类级别的说服力和策略性欺骗能力。人类往往是网络安全体系中最薄弱的环节,内部部署的失准对齐AI可能通过操纵员工来削弱人为监督。尽管这一威胁日益严重,但操纵攻击仍鲜受关注,缺乏系统性评估与缓解框架。本文详细阐释了操纵攻击的重大威胁及其可能导致灾难性后果,并提出一个围绕‘能力不足’、‘控制’与‘可信度’三大核心论点的安全论证框架。针对每个论点,明确证据要求、评估方法与实施建议,供AI公司直接应用。本研究首次提供将操纵风险纳入AI安全治理的系统化方法,为公司在部署前评估与缓解此类威胁提供了具体依据。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Frontier AI systems are rapidly advancing in their capabilities to persuade, deceive, and influence human behaviour, with current models already demonstrating human-level persuasion and strategic deception in specific contexts. Humans are often the weakest link in cybersecurity systems, and a misaligned AI system deployed internally within a frontier company may seek to undermine human oversight by manipulating employees. Despite this growing threat, manipulation attacks have received little attention, and no systematic framework exists for assessing and mitigating these risks. To address this, we provide a detailed explanation of why manipulation attacks are a significant threat and could lead to catastrophic outcomes. Additionally, we present a safety case framework for manipulation risk, structured around three core lines of argument: inability, control, and trustworthiness. For each argument, we specify evidence requirements, evaluation methodologies, and implementation considerations for direct application by AI companies. This paper provides the first systematic methodology for integrating manipulation risk into AI safety governance, offering AI companies a concrete foundation to assess and mitigate these threats before deployment.

AI安全风险评估操纵攻击

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