arXiv:2507.13355cs.ARcs.AI2025-07被引 3

无需标注数据,用无监督学习预测芯片布线违规,准确率达99.95%。

PGR-DRC: Pre-Global Routing DRC Violation Prediction Using Unsupervised Learning

  • 仅需单一类别数据训练,通过设定阈值自动判断布局是否违规。
  • 测试准确率99.95%,较SVM和神经网络分别提升14.51%和1.21%。
  • 训练时间比SVM快26.3倍,比神经网络快最多6003倍,适合快速迭代设计。

借助人工智能驱动的电子设计自动化工具、高性能计算与并行算法,是推动下一代微处理器创新的关键,保障计算、人工智能与半导体技术持续进步。基于机器学习的设计规则检查(DRC)与光刻热点检测可提升首次流片成功率。然而,传统机器学习与神经网络模型依赖有监督学习,需大规模平衡数据集及较长训练时间。本文提出首个无监督的DRC违规预测方法,仅需任意非平衡数据集中的单类样本,设定阈值即可构建模型,对新数据进行边界分类。研究采用CMOS 28 nm工艺,使用Synopsys Design Compiler与IC Compiler II工具实现多核电路设计,将版图划分为虚拟网格,采集约6万条数据进行分析验证。所提方法测试准确率达99.95%,显著高于支持向量机(SVM)的85.44%与神经网络(NN)的98.74%。此外,训练时间相较SVM降低约26.3倍,相较NN降低高达6003倍。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Leveraging artificial intelligence (AI)-driven electronic design and automation (EDA) tools, high-performance computing, and parallelized algorithms are essential for next-generation microprocessor innovation, ensuring continued progress in computing, AI, and semiconductor technology. Machine learning-based design rule checking (DRC) and lithography hotspot detection can improve first-pass silicon success. However, conventional ML and neural network (NN)-based models use supervised learning and require a large balanced dataset (in terms of positive and negative classes) and training time. This research addresses those key challenges by proposing the first-ever unsupervised DRC violation prediction methodology. The proposed model can be built using any unbalanced dataset using only one class and set a threshold for it, then fitting any new data querying if they are within the boundary of the model for classification. This research verified the proposed model by implementing different computational cores using CMOS 28 nm technology and Synopsys Design Compiler and IC Compiler II tools. Then, layouts were divided into virtual grids to collect about 60k data for analysis and verification. The proposed method has 99.95% prediction test accuracy, while the existing support vector machine (SVM) and neural network (NN) models have 85.44\% and 98.74\% accuracy, respectively. In addition, the proposed methodology has about 26.3x and up to 6003x lower training times compared to SVM and NN-models, respectively.

无监督学习DRC预测芯片设计高效训练

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