用海量车载数据精准估算交通信号灯相位与配时,误差低于5秒。
Traffic Signal Phase and Timing Estimation with Large-Scale Floating Car Data
- 基于浮动车数据构建端到端分析框架,自动识别信号相位与时段
- 日均处理1500万条数据,覆盖超200万信号灯,95%以上误差小于5秒
- 工业级落地系统,支持复杂道路结构,可直接用于导航平台
现代交通系统高效运行依赖于精确的信号相位与配时(SPaT)信息。然而,获取真实可靠的SPaT数据面临与交通部门及信号设备商通信困难等挑战。因此,浮动车数据(FCD)成为大规模SPaT分析的主要来源。现有方法常假设固定周期和简单路口结构,忽略周期性信号变化、多样路口形态及真实数据局限性,缺乏普适性框架。为此,我们提出一套工业级FCD分析套件,涵盖从预处理到最终SPaT估计的全流程。该方法可估计信号相位、识别不同时段(TOD),并确定红绿灯持续时间。系统在不同道路条件下表现出显著稳定性和鲁棒性。此外,我们公开了一个清洗过的、去标识化的FCD数据集及相关参数,以支持后续研究。目前该系统已部署于导航平台,每日分析超过1500万条FCD记录,覆盖中国大陆逾200万交通信号灯,超过75%的估计结果误差小于5秒。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Effective modern transportation systems depend critically on accurate Signal Phase and Timing (SPaT) estimation. However, acquiring ground-truth SPaT information faces significant hurdles due to communication challenges with transportation departments and signal installers. As a result, Floating Car Data (FCD) has become the primary source for large-scale SPaT analyses. Current FCD approaches often simplify the problem by assuming fixed schedules and basic intersection designs for specific times and locations. These methods fail to account for periodic signal changes, diverse intersection structures, and the inherent limitations of real-world data, thus lacking a comprehensive framework that is universally applicable. Addressing this limitation, we propose an industrial-grade FCD analysis suite that manages the entire process, from initial data preprocessing to final SPaT estimation. Our approach estimates signal phases, identifies time-of-day (TOD) periods, and determines the durations of red and green lights. The framework's notable stability and robustness across diverse conditions, regardless of road geometry, is a key feature. Furthermore, we provide a cleaned, de-identified FCD dataset and supporting parameters to facilitate future research. Currently operational within our navigation platform, the system analyses over 15 million FCD records daily, supporting over two million traffic signals in mainland China, with more than 75\% of estimations demonstrating less than five seconds of error.
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